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The woodpeckers in Mongolian are known as Тоншуул toŋshuul or Тогшуурга togshuurag, related to the verbs тонших toŋshikh 'to peck, to tap' and тогших togshikh 'to knock, to tap'.
Alternative names are Тонтуул tontuul and Цондүүл tsonduul (the latter appears to be common in Inner Mongolia). The term Овууна ovuun is used for certain types of woodpecker centring on Dendrocopos and Picoides. The name увадна uvadna is also found, possibly referring to the Grey-headed Woodpecker. The wryneck is known as the Гоётуул goituul, related to the noun гоёо goio meaning 'crick'.
The Buryat name for the woodpeckers is Тоншуул toŋshuul.
Ornithological naming
In the original ornithological names of the woodpeckers, all but the wryneck were known as Тоншуул toŋshuul. In the 2007 list, each genus gets its own name:
| Genus | Old | New |
| Jynx (Wrynecks) | Mongolia formerly: Гоётуул goituul |
Гоётуул goituul |
| Dendrocopus | Mongolia formerly: Тоншуул toŋshuul |
Тоншуур toŋshuur |
| Picoides | Mongolia formerly: Тоншуул toŋshuul |
Овууна ovuun |
| Dryocopus | Mongolia formerly: Тоншуул toŋshuul |
Тогшуурга togshuurag |
| Picus | Mongolia formerly: Тоншуул toŋshuul |
Тоншуул toŋshuul |
The new species names make use of existing names, except for Тоншуур toŋshuur, which is not listed in dictionaries as meaning 'woodpecker'. The meaning given is 'battering ram'.
Species names
ABOUT THIS TABLE| JYNGINAE | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
SCIENTIFIC & WESTERN |
MONGOLIAN |
EAST ASIAN |
TURKIC |
||||||
| Jynx | |||||||||
Latin |
English/Russian |
Mongolian |
Inner M |
Other M |
Chinese |
Japanese |
Korean |
Kazakh |
Turkish |
Jynx torquilla |
Northern wryneck or Eurasian wryneck Вертишейка, Обыкновенная бертишейка |
Холтсон гоётуул ᠬᠣᠯᠲᠣᠰᠣᠨ ᠭᠣᠶᠣᠲᠥᠭᠣᠯᠠ kholtson goituul 'tree-bark wryneck' |
Шургуулжич овууна ᠰᠢᠷᠭᠣᠯᠵᠢᠴᠢ ᠣᠪᠣᠣᠨᠠ shurguuljich ovuun 'ant-eating ovuun' (32) |
Mongolia formerly: Гоётуул ᠭᠣᠶᠣᠲᠥᠭᠣᠯᠠ goituul 'wryneck' IM also: Шургуулжич цондуул ᠰᠢᠷᠭᠣᠯᠵᠢᠴᠢ ᠴᠣᠨᠳᠣᠣᠯ shurguuljich tsonduul 'ant-eating pecker' (31) |
蚁䴕 (蟻鴷) 'ant woodpecker' Taiwan: (地啄木) 地啄木 'ground wood-pecker' (31) |
アリスイ (蟻吸) ari-sui 'ant-sucker' |
개미잡이 gaemi-jabi 'ant eater' |
Дүпілдек dupildek 'wryneck' |
Boyun Çeviren 'neck-turn' |
| PICINAE | |||||||||
SCIENTIFIC & WESTERN |
MONGOLIAN |
EAST ASIAN |
TURKIC |
||||||
| PICINI | |||||||||
| Picus | |||||||||
Latin |
English/Russian |
Mongolian |
IM |
Other M |
Chinese |
Japanese |
Korean |
Kazakh |
Turkish |
| Picus canus |
Grey-headed woodpecker Grey-faced woodpecker Black-naped green woodpecker Седой дятел |
Буурал тоншуул ᠪᠣᠭᠣᠷᠣᠯ ᠲᠣᠩᠰᠢᠭᠣᠯ buural toŋshuul 'greyish pecker' |
Ногоовор тоншуул ᠨᠣᠭᠣᠪᠢᠷ ᠲᠣᠩᠰᠢᠭᠣᠯ nogoovor toŋshuul 'darkgreen pecker' (32) |
IM also: Духт ногоовор тоншуул ᠳᠣᠬᠣᠲᠣ ᠨᠣᠭᠣᠪᠢᠷ ᠲᠣᠩᠰᠢᠭᠣᠯ dukht nogoovor toŋshuul 'naped darkgreen pecker' (31) |
灰头绿啄木鸟 (灰頭綠啄木鳥) 'grey-headed green wood-pecking bird' (1, 2, 3, 4) 灰头啄木鸟 (灰頭啄木鳥) 'grey-headed wood-pecking bird' (5) Taiwan: (绿啄木) 綠啄木 'green wood-pecker' |
ヤマゲラ (山啄木鳥) yama-gera 'mountain woodpecker' |
청딱다구리 cheong-ttakdaguri 'green woodpecker' |
Боз тоқылдақ boz toqıldaq 'dun pecker' |
Küçük Yeşil Ağaçkakan 'small green wood-pecker' |
| Dryocopus | |||||||||
Latin |
English/Russian |
Mongolian |
IM |
Other M |
Chinese |
Japanese |
Korean |
Kazakh |
Turkish |
| Dryocopus martius |
Black woodpecker Черный дятел, Желна |
Хар тогшуурга ᠬᠠᠷᠠ ᠲᠣᠭᠰᠢᠭᠣᠷᠭᠠ khar togshuurag 'black tapper' |
Хар тоншуул ᠬᠠᠷᠠ ᠲᠣᠩᠰᠢᠭᠣᠯ khar toŋshuul 'black pecker' (32) |
Mongolia formerly: Хар тоншуул ᠬᠠᠷᠠ ᠲᠣᠩᠰᠢᠭᠣᠯ khar toŋshuul 'black pecker' IM also: Улаан сарт тоншуурга ᠣᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠰᠠᠷᠠᠲᠣ ᠲᠣᠩᠰᠢᠭᠣᠷᠭᠠ ulaaŋ sart toŋshuurag 'red-mooned rattler' (31) |
黑啄木鸟 (黑啄木鳥) 'black wood-pecking bird' |
クマゲラ (熊啄木鳥) kuma-gera 'bear woodpecker' |
까막딱다구리 kkamak-ttakdaguri 'black woodpecker' |
Қара тоқылдақ qara toqıldaq 'black pecker' |
Kara Ağaçkakan 'black wood-pecker' |
| MELANERPINI | |||||||||
| Dendrocopos | |||||||||
Latin |
English/Russian |
Mongolian |
Inner M |
Other M |
Chinese |
Japanese |
Korean |
Kazakh |
Turkish |
| Dendrocopos minor Picoides minor |
Lesser spotted woodpecker Lesser pied woodpecker Малый пестрый дятел |
Цоохор тоншуур ᠴᠣᠬᠣᠷ ᠲᠣᠩᠰᠢᠭᠣᠷ tsookhor toŋshuur 'spotted pecker (variant form)' |
Picoides minor: Өчүүхэн алаг тоншуул ᠦᠴᠦᠬᠡᠨ ᠠᠯᠠᠭ ᠲᠣᠩᠰᠢᠭᠣᠯ öchüükheŋ alag toŋshuul 'little motley pecker' (32) |
Mongolia formerly: Бага алаг тоншуул ᠪᠠᠭᠠ ᠠᠯᠠᠭ ᠲᠣᠩᠰᠢᠭᠣᠯ bag alag toŋshuur 'small motley pecker' IM also: Бага алаг тоншуул ᠪᠠᠭᠠ ᠠᠯᠠᠭ ᠲᠣᠩᠰᠢᠭᠣᠯ bag alag toŋshuul 'small motley pecker' (31) |
小斑啄木鸟 (小斑啄木鳥) 'small striped wood-pecking bird' |
コアカゲラ (小赤啄木鳥) ko aka-gera 'small red woodpecker' |
쇠오색딱다구리 soe-o-saek-ttakdaguri 'small five-coloured woodpecker' |
Кіші тоқылдақ kişi toqıldaq 'small pecker' |
Küçük Ağaçkakan 'small wood-pecker' |
| Dendrocopos leucotos Picoides leucotos |
White-backed woodpecker Белоспинный дятел |
Хондлойцагаан тоншуур ᠬᠣᠨᠳᠣᠯᠠᠢ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠣᠩᠰᠢᠭᠣᠷ khondloi-tsagaaŋ toŋshuur 'white-rump pecker (variant form)' |
Picoides leucotos: Цагаан арт алаг тоншуул ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠠᠷᠣᠲᠣ ᠠᠯᠠᠭ ᠲᠣᠩᠰᠢᠭᠣᠯ tsagaaŋ art alag toŋshuul 'white-backed motley pecker' (32) |
Mongolia formerly: Хондлой цагаан тоншуул ᠬᠣᠨᠳᠣᠯᠠᠢ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠣᠩᠰᠢᠭᠣᠯ khondloi tsagaaŋ toŋshuul 'white-rump pecker' IM also: Ар цагаан тоншуул ᠠᠷᠣ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠣᠩᠰᠢᠭᠣᠯ ar tsagaaŋ toŋshuul 'white-back pecker' (31) |
白背啄木鸟 (白背啄木鳥) 'white-backed wood-pecking bird' |
オオアカゲラ (大赤啄木鳥) ō aka-gera 'large red woodpecker' |
큰오색딱다구리 keun o-saek-ttakdaguri 'large five-coloured woodpecker' |
Ақжон тоқылдақ aq-jon toqıldaq 'white-backed pecker' |
Aksırtlı Ağaçkakan 'white-backed wood-pecker' |
| Dendrocopos major Picoides major |
Great spotted woodpecker Greater pied woodpecker Большой пестрый дятел, Пестрый дятел |
Алаг тоншуур ᠠᠯᠠᠭ ᠲᠣᠩᠰᠢᠭᠣᠷ alag toŋshuur 'motley pecker (variant form)' |
Picoides major: Их алаг тоншуул ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠠᠯᠠᠭ ᠲᠣᠩᠰᠢᠭᠣᠯ ikh alag toŋshuul 'large motley pecker' (32) |
Mongolia formerly: Их алаг тоншуул ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠠᠯᠠᠭ ᠲᠣᠩᠰᠢᠭᠣᠯ ikh alag toŋshuul 'large motley pecker' IM also: Алаг тоншуул ᠠᠯᠠᠭ ᠲᠣᠩᠰᠢᠭᠣᠯ alag toŋshuul 'motley pecker' (31) or Овууна цондуул ᠣᠪᠣᠣᠨᠠ ᠴᠣᠨᠳᠣᠣᠯ ovuun tsonduul 'ovuun woodpecker' (alt in 31) |
大斑啄木鸟 (大斑啄木鳥) 'large striped wood-pecking bird' Taiwan: (大赤啄木) 大赤啄木 'large red wood-pecker' |
アカゲラ (赤啄木鳥) aka-gera 'red woodpecker' |
오색딱다구리 o-saek-ttakdaguri 'five-coloured woodpecker' |
Үлкен тоқылдақ ülken toqıldaq 'large pecker' |
Orman Alaca Ağaçkakanı 'forest pied wood-pecker' |
| Dendrocopos hyperythrus Hypopicus hyperythrus Picoides hyperythrus |
Rufous-bellied woodpecker Rufous-bellied pied woodpecker Рыжебрюхий дятел |
Борхэвлийт тоншуул ᠪᠣᠷᠣ ᠬᠡᠪᠡᠯᠢᠲᠣ ᠲᠣᠩᠰᠢᠭᠣᠯ bor khevliit tonshuul 'dun-bellied pecker' (15) |
Picoides hyperythrus: Зээрд хэвэлт тоншуул ᠵᠡᠭᠢᠷᠳᠦ ᠬᠡᠪᠡᠯᠢᠲᠣ ᠲᠣᠩᠰᠢᠭᠣᠯ zeert khevelt toŋshuul 'chestnut-coloured-bellied pecker' (32) |
棕腹啄木鸟 (棕腹啄木鳥) 'reddishbrown-bellied wood-pecking bird' |
チャバラアカゲラ (茶腹赤啄木鳥) cha-bara aka-gera 'brown-bellied red woodpecker' |
붉은배오색딱다구리 bulgeun-bae-o-saek-ttakdaguri 'red-bellied five-coloured woodpecker' |
|||
| Picoides | |||||||||
Latin |
English/Russian |
Mongolian |
Inner M |
Other M |
Chinese |
Japanese |
Korean |
Kazakh |
Turkish |
| Picoides tridactylus |
Eurasian Three-toed Woodpecker Three-toed Woodpecker Northern three-toed woodpecker Трехпалый дятел, Желтоголовый дятел |
Гурванхумст овууна ᠭᠣᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠬᠢᠮᠣᠰᠣᠲᠣ ᠣᠪᠣᠣᠨᠠ gurvaŋ-khumst ovuun 'three-toed ovuun' |
Гурван хуруут тоншуул ᠭᠣᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠬᠣᠷᠣᠭᠣᠲᠣ ᠲᠣᠩᠰᠢᠭᠣᠯ gurvaŋ khuruut toŋshuul 'three-toed pecker' (32) |
Mongolia formerly: Гурван хумст тоншуул ᠭᠣᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠬᠢᠮᠣᠰᠣᠲᠣ ᠲᠣᠩᠰᠢᠭᠣᠯ gurvaŋ khumst toŋshuul 'three-toed pecker' Inner M formerly: Гурван хуруут овууна ᠭᠣᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠬᠣᠷᠣᠭᠣᠲᠣ ᠣᠪᠣᠣᠨᠠ gurvaŋ khuruut ovuun 'three-fingered ovuun' (31) |
三趾啄木鸟 (三趾啄木鳥) 'three-toed wood-pecking bird' |
ミユビゲラ (三趾啄木鳥) mi-yubi gera 'three-toed woodpecker' |
세가락딱다구리 se-garak-ttakdaguri 'three-toed woodpecker' |
Үшсаусақты тоқылдақ üş-sawsaqtı toqıldaq 'three-toed pecker' |
|
The 'standard' Inner Mongolian pronunciation of шоргоолж shorgoolj is шургуулж shurguulj.
Name appears to be derived from тоншуур toŋshuur, a piece of slightly convex hollowed out wood with a slit in the top that is struck with a stick.
Дух dukh in the sense of 'nape' or 'occiput' is obsolete or dialect. Its normal modern sense is 'forehead'.
中国鸟类种和亚种分类名录大全（修订版） 郑作新 著 科学出版社 北京 2000年
A Complete Checklist of Species and Subspecies of the Chinese Birds (Revised Edition) by Cheng Tso-Hsin, Science Press, Beijing 2000
中国鸟类分类与分布名录 主编：郑光美 科学出版社 北京 2005年
A Checklist on the Classification and Distribution of the Birds of China Chief editor: Zheng Guangmei, Science Press, Beijing 2005
中国鸟类野外手册（中文版）约翰・马敬能、卡伦・菲利普斯，合作者：荷芬奇，翻译：卢和芬 湖南教育出版社 长沙 2000年
A Field Guide to the Birds of China (Chinese translation) by John MacKinnon, Karen Phillipps, in collaboration with He Fen-qi, translated by Lu Hefen, Hunan Jiaoyu Chubanshe (Hunan Educational Press) Changsha 2000
世界鸟类分类与分布名录 主编：郑光美 科学出版社 北京 2002年
A Checklist on the Classification and Distribution of the Birds of the World Chief editor: Zheng Guangmei, Science Press, Beijing 2002
世界鸟类名称（拉丁文、汉文、英文对照）第二版 郑作新等 科学出版社 北京 2002年
Birds of the World (Latin, Chinese and English Names) 2nd ed. by Cheng Tso-Hsin et al, Science Press, Beijing 2002
A Dictionary of Vertebrate Animals of Mongolia (Монгол орны сээртэн амьтдын нэрсийн толь) by GOMBOBAATAR Sundev Bodonguud, Mongolian Ornithological Society Zoological Society of London, Ulaanbaatar 2009
汉蒙名词术语分类词典（自然科学部分） Mongolian (Cyrillic): Хятад Монгол нэр томъёоны зүйл хуваасан толь (байгалийн шинжлэх ухааны бүлэг) (Chinese-Mongolian classified terminological dictionary, natural sciences part) by 《汉蒙名词术语分类词典》编纂委员会 Mongolian (Cyrillic): "Хятад Монгол нэр томъёоны зүйл хуваасан толь" найруулах комисс (Chinese-Mongolian classified terminological dictionary editorial committee), Inner Mongolian People's Press, Hohhot 1990
内蒙古动物志 (第三卷 鸟纲 非雀形目) Fauna Inner Mongolia (Volume 3 Aves Non-Passerines) 主编：旭日干 (Chief Editor: Xurigan), 内蒙古人大学版社 (Inner Mongolian University Press), Hohhot 2013
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