General
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In ornithological Chinese, the accentors are called 岩鷚 or 'rock pipits' (also pronounced in Taiwan). This name has been borrowed from Japanese in its written form, i.e., as Chinese characters. The Japanese name of the accentors is イワヒバリ iwa-hibari 'rock lark', traditionally often written 岩鷚 'rock lark'; this is the form that was borrowed into Chinese. It was used in the first ornithological list using Chinese names, Chinese Birds of 1927 (35) based on the earlier work Zoological Nomenclature of 1923.
The earliest ornithological name of the Siberian Accentor (Prunella montanella) was 山鷚 'mountain lark', also a direct borrowing from Japanese. This has since been modified to 山岩鷚 ('mountain rock lark') to harmonise with the rest of the family.
The Japanese use of 鷚 to write ヒバリ 'lark' was based on Chinese usage. However, in Chinese ornithological usage 鷚 is now restricted to the pipits (Motacillidae), also based on a borrowing from Japanese. As a result, in ornithological Chinese, 岩鷚 now has the meaning 'rock pipit' rather than the historical meaning of 'rock lark'.
Species names
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Prunella collaris |
Alpine accentor Collared accentor |
(岩鹨) 岩鷚 or 'rock-pipit' |
(領岩鷚) 领岩鹨 'collared rock-pipit' |
(岩鹨) 岩鷚 'rock-pipit' (early ornithological) (35) |
イワヒバリ (岩雲雀 ~ 岩鷚) iwa-hibari 'rock-lark' |
オヤマスズメ (お山雀) o-yama-suzume 'mountain sparrow' |
바위종다리 bawi-jongdari 'rock-lark' |
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| Prunella montanella |
Siberian accentor Mountain accentor |
(棕眉山岩鹨) 棕眉山岩鷚 or 'reddishbrown-eyebrowed mountain rock-pipit' |
(棕眉山岩鷚) 棕眉山岩鹨 'reddishbrown-eyebrowed mountain rock-pipit' |
(中国山鹨) 中國山鷚 'citrus-breasted mountain-pipit' (early ornithological) (35) (山鹨) 山鷚 'mountain-pipit' (35, from Zool. Nomen.) |
ヤマヒバリ (山雲雀 ~ 山鷚) yama-hibari 'mountain-lark' |
멧종다리 me-t-jongdari 'mountain-lark' |
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The name of the accentors in Japanese, イワヒバリ iwa-hibari, literally means 'rock-lark'. When written in Chinese characters it is traditionally written as 岩雲雀 or as 岩鷚. The first character, 岩, is the character for イワ iwa 'rock'. This is followed by 雲雀, literally 'cloud sparrow', or 鷚, which are alternative ways of writing ヒバリ hibari 'lark'. However, in Chinese, 鷚 (pronounced liù or in Taiwan liào) is understood to mean 'pipit'. The name イワヒバリ iwa-hibari was originally applied in Japanese to the Alpine Accentor Prunella collaris but it has since been extended to all members of the Prunellidae except Prunella montanella and Prunella rubida, which had existing names, and a couple of extralimital species.
中国鸟类分布名录 第二版 郑作新 科学出版社 北京 1976年
(Checklist of the Classification of Birds of China 2nd edition by Cheng Tso-Hsin, Science Press, Beijing 1976)
香港及華南鳥類（第六版）（翻譯成中文及重新修訂） 尹璉、費嘉倫、林超英 香港性徵特區政府新聞處政府印務局 1994年
Birds of Hong Kong and South China (6th edition, translated into Chinese and newly revised) by Clive Viney, Karen Phillipps, Lin Chaoying, Hong Kong Govt. Press 1994
Danh Lục Chim Việt Nam (In lần thứ hai) (Checklist of the Birds of Vietnam) Võ Quý, Nguyễn Cử, Nhà Xuất Bản Nông Nghiệp, Hà Nội 1999
Chim Việt Nam Nguyễn Cử, Lê Trọng Trải, Karen Phillipps; Nhà Xuất Bản Lao Động - Xã Hội, 2000
汉蒙名词术语分类词典（自然科学部分） Mongolian (Cyrillic): Хятад Монгол нэр томъёоны зүйл хуваасан толь (байгалийн шинжлэх ухааны бүлэг) (Chinese-Mongolian classified terminological dictionary, natural sciences part) by 《汉蒙名词术语分类词典》编纂委员会 Mongolian (Cyrillic): "Хятад Монгол нэр томъёоны зүйл хуваасан толь" найруулах комисс (Chinese-Mongolian classified terminological dictionary editorial committee), Inner Mongolian People's Press, Hohhot 1990
Danh Lục Các Loài Chim ở Việt Nam (Latinh, Việt, Pháp, Hán) Trần Văn Chánh 2008-2009
Chinese Birds (A Tentative List of Chinese Birds) 中國鳥類（中國鳥類目錄試編） N. Gist Gee, Lacy I. Moffett, G. D. Wilder (祁天錫, 慕維德, 萬卓志), Peiping, 1927 (reprinted 1948)
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