Gruidae
Тогорууныхан
togoruunikhaŋ

General

This list is 'in beta'. Information is from dictionaries and other sources. Kazakh, Turkish, and Korean glosses are tentative. Comments and corrections welcome. Hover over Green Lettering Green lettering at this site hides a tool tip with glosses, further explanations, etc. Hover cursor to reveal. to see additional information.

The general Mongolian word for crane is Тогоруу togoruu. Other names are Уурс uurs, Тундруу tundruu, Хундруу xundruu, and Пэлс pels.

The Common Crane is specifically known as Хархираа kharkhiraa. The Demoiselle Crane also has the specific name Арьсуу ar'suu.

An Inner Mongolian word for the crane is Арш шувуу arsh shuvuu 'sage bird', 'immortal bird' or 'fairy bird', which is clearly related to Chinese 仙鹤 xiānhè 'fairy crane', from its association with fairy sages (hermits or immortals) in Chinese mythology.

Ornithological naming

Under the 2007 regularised names, the genus Anthropoides is given a different name from Grus: Тогируу togiruu (where the 'i' is virtually unpronounced but modifies the pronunciation of the first 'o' in the direction of German 'ö' or French 'eu'). It is not clear where Тогируу togiruu comes from. It is not listed in dictionaries. It may represent a colloquial or dialect variant on Тогоруу togoruu. In H&M4, the rationale for the distinctive name disappears since Anthropoides is not a separate genus.

Species names

ABOUT THIS TABLE

GRUINAE
SCIENTIFIC & WESTERN		MONGOLIAN			EAST ASIAN			TURKIC
Leucogeranus
Latin	English/Russian	Mongolian	Inner M	Other M	Chinese	Japanese	Korean	Kazakh	Turkish
Leucogeranus leucogeranus Grus leucogeranus	Siberian crane Great white crane Siberian white crane Стерх, Белый журавль	Grus leucogeranus: Цагаан тогоруу ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠣᠷᠣᠣ tsagaaŋ togoruu 'white crane'	Grus leucogeranus: Цагаан тогоруу ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠣᠷᠣᠣ tsagaaŋ togoruu 'white crane' (32)		Grus leucogeranus: 白鹤 (白鶴) bái-hè 'white crane'	Grus leucogeranus: ソデグロヅル (袖黒鶴) sode-guro-zuru 'black-sleeved crane'	Grus leucogeranus: 시베리아흰두루미 siberia-huin-durumi 'Siberian white crane'	Ақ тырна aq tırna 'white crane'	Ak Turna 'white crane' or Rahibe Turnası 'nun crane'
Antigone
Latin	English/Russian	Mongolian	IM	Other M	Chinese	Japanese	Korean	Kazakh	Turkish
Antigone vipio Grus vipio	White-naped crane Japanese white-naped crane White-necked crane Даурский журавль	Grus vipio: Цэн тогоруу ᠴᠠᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠣᠷᠣᠣ tseŋ togoruu 'tseng crane' (tseng appears to be a type of goose; another meaning is 'white silk')	Grus vipio: Тогоруу ᠲᠣᠭᠣᠷᠣᠣ togoruu 'crane' (32)		Grus vipio: 白枕鹤 (白枕鶴) bái-zhěn hè 'white-naped crane' Taiwan: Grus vipio: (白枕鹤) 白枕鶴 bái-zhěn hè 'white-naped crane'	Grus vipio: マナヅル (真鶴) mana-zuru 'true crane'	Grus vipio: 재두루미 jae-durumi 'jae crane'	Қызылсирақ тырна qızıl-sïraq tırna 'red-legged crane'
Grus
Latin	English/Russian	Mongolian	IM	Other M	Chinese	Japanese	Korean	Kazakh	Turkish
Grus virgo Anthropoides virgo	Demoiselle crane Журавль-красавка	Anthropoides virgo: Өвөгт тогируу ᠦᠪᠦᠭᠲᠣ ᠲᠣᠭᠢᠷᠣᠣ övögt togiruu 'crested crane'	Anthropoides virgo: Хархираа ᠬᠠᠷᠬᠢᠷ᠎ᠠ kharkhiraa 'kharkhiraa' (31, 32)	Other: Арьсуу ᠠᠷᠢᠰᠣ ar'suu ar'suu	Anthropoides virgo: 蓑羽鹤 (蓑羽鶴) suō yǔ hè 'raincoat feather crane' Taiwan: Anthropoides virgo: (蓑羽鹤) 簑羽鶴 suō yǔ hè 'raincoat feather crane'	Anthropoides virgo: アネハヅル (姉羽鶴) ane-ha-zuru 'big-sister feather crane'	Anthropoides virgo: 쇠재두루미 soe-jae-durumi 'small jae crane'	Ақбас тырна aq-bas tırna 'white-headed crane'	Telli Turna 'demoiselle crane'
Grus japonensis	Red-crowned crane Manchurian crane Japanese crane Японский журавль, Уссурийский журавль Маньчжурский журавль	Алаг тогоруу ᠠᠯᠠᠭ ᠲᠣᠭᠣᠷᠣᠣ alag togoruu 'motley crane'	Сарт цагаан тогоруу ᠰᠠᠷᠲᠣ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠣᠷᠣᠣ sart tsagaaŋ togoruu 'mooned white crane' (31, 32)	Other: Ал сүүл ᠠᠯ ᠰᠡᠭᠦᠯ al süül 'red tail' (Inner Mongolia)	丹顶鹤 (丹頂鶴) dān-dǐng hè 'red-capped crane' Taiwan: (丹顶鹤) 丹頂鶴 dān-dǐng hè 'red-capped crane'	タンチョウ (丹頂) tanchō 'red-cap'	두루미 durumi 'crane'
Grus grus	Common crane Серый журавль	Хархираа тогоруу ᠬᠠᠷᠬᠢᠷ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠣᠭᠣᠷᠣᠣ kharkhiraa togoruu 'kharkhiraa crane'	Хөх тогоруу ᠬᠦᠬᠡ ᠲᠣᠭᠣᠷᠣᠣ khökh togoruu 'darkblue crane' (31, 32)		灰鹤 (灰鶴) huī-hè 'grey crane' Taiwan: (灰鹤) 灰鶴 huī-hè 'grey crane'	クロヅル (黒鶴) kuro-zuru 'black crane'	검은목두루미 geomeun-mok-durumi 'black-necked crane'	Сұр тырна sur tırna 'grey crane'	Turna 'crane'
Grus monacha	Hooded crane Черный журавль	Хар тогоруу ᠬᠠᠷ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠣᠭᠣᠷᠣᠣ khar togoruu 'black crane'	Хар тогоруу ᠬᠠᠷ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠣᠭᠣᠷᠣᠣ khar togoruu 'black crane' (32)		白头鹤 (白頭鶴) bái-tóu hè 'white-headed crane' Taiwan: (白头鹤) 白頭鶴 bái-tóu hè 'white-headed crane'	ナベヅル (鍋鶴) nabe-zuru 'pot crane'	흑두루미 heuk-durumi 'black crane'	Қара тырна qara tırna 'black crane'

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