Rallidae
Түнжүүрийнхэн
tüŋjüüriŋkheŋ

General

This list is 'in beta'. Information is from dictionaries and other sources. Kazakh, Turkish, and Korean glosses are tentative. Comments and corrections welcome. Hover over Green Lettering Green lettering at this site hides a tool tip with glosses, further explanations, etc. Hover cursor to reveal. to see additional information.

The rails are known in Mongolia as Түнжүүр tüŋjüür, a term which appears to be related to the word түнжгэр tüŋjger meaning 'bald'. Түнжүүр tüŋjüür is not found in most dictionaries and likely reflects ornithological rather than common usage.

The Moorhen (and the Watercock) are known as Доголон ханчир dogoloŋ khaŋchir 'limping moorhen'. Since ханчир khaŋchir also means 'withered arm' in Mongolian, the name literally means 'limping leg withered arm'.

In Inner Mongolian dictionaries, Ханчир khaŋchir is used as a general name for the rails, and the Waterhen is known as Шалбаа ханчир shalbaa khaŋchir 'marsh khanchir'. Another Inner Mongolian name for the rails is Тарач тахиа tarach takhia 'tarach fowl'.

The Coot is known in Mongolian as the Халзан шувуу khalzaŋ shuvuu 'bald-foreheaded bird'. In Inner Mongolia it is known as Харгууна kharguun 'coot'.

Ornithological naming

In the 2007 list of Mongolian birds, each genus has its own name. Түнжүүр tüŋjüür is retained for the Water Rail (Rallus) and the Common Moorhen is given the name Ханчир khaŋchir.

The rest of the family is named with what seem to be artificial variations on Түнжүүр tüŋjüür.

Two of these names are listed in ordinary dictionaries and quite literally mean 'bald' (at the front). Two other names, not found in ordinary dictionaries, are variations on Түнжүүр tüŋjüür, one formed through omission of the final consonant (Түнжүү tüŋjüü), one through omission of the final consonant and addition of an extra syllable (Түнжүүхэй tüŋjüükhei).

Species names

ABOUT THIS TABLE

RALLINAE
SCIENTIFIC & WESTERN		MONGOLIAN			EAST ASIAN			TURKIC
Coturnicops
Latin	English/Russian	Mongolian	Inner M	Other M	Chinese	Japanese	Korean	Kazakh	Turkish
Coturnicops exquisitus Porzana exquisita	Swinhoe's rail Swinhoe's crake Swinhoe's yellow rail Белокрылый погоныш	Porzana exquisita: Бичилхэн түнжгэр ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠯᠬᠡᠨ ᠲᠦᠨᠵᠢᠭᠡᠷ bichilkheŋ tüŋjger 'small rail (variant form)'	Цагаан далавчит ханчир ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠠᠯᠠᠪᠴᠢᠲᠣ ᠬᠠᠨᠴᠢᠷ tsagaaŋ dalavchit khanchir 'white-winged rail' (32)	Mongolia formerly: Бичилхэн түнжүүр ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠯᠬᠡᠨ ᠲᠦᠨᠵᠢᠭᠦᠷ bichilkheŋ tüŋjüür 'small rail'	花田鸡 (花田雞) huā tián-jī 'flowery paddy-fowl/chicken'	シマクイナ (縞秧鶏 ~ 縞水鶏) shima kuina 'striped rail'	알락뜸부기 allak-tteumbugi 'spotted rail'
Rallus
Latin	English/Russian	Mongolian	Inner M	Other M	Chinese	Japanese	Korean	Kazakh	Turkish
Rallus indicus	Eastern Water Rail Brown-cheeked Rail Пастушок	Rallus aquaticus: Усны түнжүүр ᠣᠰᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠦᠨᠵᠢᠭᠦᠷ usni tüŋjüür 'water rail'	Rallus aquaticus: Ханчир ᠬᠠᠨᠴᠢᠷ khanchir 'rail' (31, 32)	Mongolia formerly: Түнжүүр ᠲᠦᠨᠵᠢᠭᠦᠷ tüŋjüür 'rail'	Rallus aquaticus: 普通秧鸡 (普通秧雞) pǔtōng yāng-jī 'common seedling-fowl/chicken' Rallus aquaticus indicus: 东北亚种 (東北亞種) dōng-běi yàzhǒng 'Northeastern (Manchurian) subspecies' (1) Taiwan: (秧鸡) 秧雞 yāng-jī 'seedling-fowl/chicken'	Rallus aquaticus: クイナ (秧鶏 ~ 水鶏) kuina 'rail'	흰눈썹뜸부기 huin-nunsseop-tteumbugi 'white-eyebrowed rail'
Crex
Latin	English/Russian	Mongolian	Inner M	Other M	Chinese	Japanese	Korean	Kazakh	Turkish
Crex crex	Corncrake Corn crake Коростель	Явган түнжин ᠶᠠᠪᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠦᠨᠵᠢᠨ yavgaŋ tüŋjiŋ 'walking rail (variant form)'		Mongolia formerly: Тариан түнжүүр ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠲᠦᠨᠵᠢᠭᠦᠷ tariaŋ tüŋjüür 'grain rail'	长脚秧鸡 (長腳秧雞) cháng-jiǎo yāng-jī 'long-legged seedling-fowl/chicken'	ウズラクイナ (鶉秧鶏 ~ 鶉水鶏) uzura kuina 'quail rail'		Шәукілдек şäwkildek 'crake'	Bıldırcın Kılavuzu 'quail rail'
Porzana
Latin	English/Russian	Mongolian	Inner M	Other M	Chinese	Japanese	Korean	Kazakh	Turkish
Porzana porzana	Spotted crake Погоныш	Тоодон түнжгэр ᠲᠣᠭᠣᠳᠣᠩ ᠲᠦᠨᠵᠢᠭᠡᠷ toodoŋ tünjger 'short rail (variant form)'		Mongolia formerly: Тоодон түнжүүр ᠲᠣᠭᠣᠳᠣᠩ ᠲᠦᠨᠵᠢᠭᠦᠷ toodoŋ tüŋjüür 'short rail'	斑胸田鸡 (斑胸田雞) bān-xiōng tián-jī 'stripe-breasted paddy-fowl/chicken' Taiwan: (斑胸田鸡) 斑胸田雞 bān-xiōng tián-jī 'stripe-breasted paddy-fowl/chicken'	コモンクイナ (小紋水鶏 ~ 小紋秧鶏) komon kuina 'fine-patterned rail'		Тартар tartar 'rail'	Benekli Sutavuğu 'spotted water-fowl' Benekli Suyelvesi 'spotted water-cock'
Zapornia
Latin	English/Russian	Mongolian	Inner M	Other M	Chinese	Japanese	Korean	Kazakh	Turkish
Zapornia pusilla Porzana pusilla	Baillon's crake Погоныш-крошка	Оодон түнжгэр ᠣᠭᠣᠳᠣᠩ ᠲᠦᠨᠵᠢᠭᠡᠷ oodoŋ tünjger 'short rail (variant form)'	Бяцхан ханчир ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠬᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠨᠴᠢᠷ byatskhan khanchir 'little rail' (31, 32)	Mongolia formerly: Оодон түнжүүр ᠣᠭᠣᠳᠣᠩ ᠲᠦᠨᠵᠢᠭᠦᠷ oodoŋ tüŋjüür 'short rail'	小田鸡 (小田雞) xiǎo tián-jī 'small paddy-fowl/chicken' Taiwan: (小秧鸡) 小秧雞 xiǎo yāng-jī 'small seedling-fowl/chicken'	ヒメクイナ (姫水鶏 ~ 姫秧鶏) hime kuina 'princess rail'	쇠뜸부기 soe-tteumbugi 'small rail'	Титтей тартар tïttey tartar 'tiny rail'	Küçük Sutavuğu 'small water-fowl' Küçük Suyelvesi 'small water-cock'
Amaurornis
Latin	English/Russian	Mongolian	Inner M	Other M	Chinese	Japanese	Korean	Kazakh	Turkish
Amaurornis phoenicurus	White-breasted waterhen White-breasted water hen Белогрудый погоныш	Цагааномруут түнжүүхэй ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠣᠮᠣᠷᠣᠣᠲᠣ ᠲᠦᠨᠵᠦᠭᠡᠬᠡᠢ tsagaaŋ-omruut tüŋjüükhei 'white-bellied rail (variant form)'		Inner M: Шалбаа ханчир ᠱᠠᠯᠪᠠ ᠬᠠᠨᠴᠢᠷ shalbaa khanchir 'marsh rail' (31) or Тарач ᠲᠠᠷᠠᠴᠢ tarach 'waterhen' (alt in 31)	白胸苦恶鸟 (白胸苦惡鳥) bái-xiōng kǔ-è-niǎo 'white-breasted kǔ-è bird' (onomat.) Taiwan: (白腹秧鸡) 白腹秧雞 bái-fù yāng-jī 'white-bellied seedling-fowl/chicken'	シロハラクイナ (白腹秧鶏 ~ 白腹水鶏) shiro-hara kuina 'white-bellied rail'	흰배뜸부기 huin-bae-tteumbugi 'white-bellied rail'
Gallinula
Latin	English/Russian	Mongolian	Inner M	Other M	Chinese	Japanese	Korean	Kazakh	Turkish
Gallinula chloropus	Common moorhen Moorhen Common gallinule Камышница	Хажилгат ханчир ᠬᠠᠵᠢᠯᠠᠭᠠᠲᠣ ᠬᠠᠨᠴᠢᠷ khajilgat khaŋchir 'fringed (?) moorhen'	Мэлзэн харгууна ᠮᠡᠯᠵᠡᠨ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠭᠣᠨ᠎ᠠ melzen kharguun 'bald coot' (31, 32)	Mongolia formerly: Хажилгат түнжүүр ᠬᠠᠵᠢᠯᠠᠭᠠᠲᠣ ᠲᠦᠨᠵᠢᠭᠦᠷ khajilgat tüŋjüür 'fringed (?) rail'	黑水鸡 (黑水雞) hēi shuǐ-jī 'black water-fowl/chicken' or 红骨顶 (紅骨頂) hóng gǔ-dǐng 'red bone top' (alt in 1, 3, 5) Taiwan: (红冠水鸡) 紅冠水雞 hóng-guān shuǐ-jī 'red-crested water-fowl/chicken'	バン (鷭) ban 'moorhen'	쇠물닭 soe-mul-dalg 'small water-fowl/chicken'	Қызылқасқа сутартар qızıl-qasqa sw-tartar 'red-eyebrowed water-rail'	Saztavuğu 'reed fowl'
Fulica
Latin	English/Russian	Mongolian	Inner M	Other M	Chinese	Japanese	Korean	Kazakh	Turkish
Fulica atra	Common coot Eurasian coot Black coot Coot Лысуха	Халзан түнжүү ᠬᠠᠯᠵᠠᠨ ?? khalzaŋ tüŋjüü 'bald-foreheaded rail (variant form)'	Халзан харгууна ᠬᠠᠯᠵᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠭᠣᠨ᠎ᠠ khalzaŋ kharguun 'bald-foreheaded coot' (31, 32)	Mongolia formerly: Халзан түнжүүр ᠬᠠᠯᠵᠠᠨ ᠲᠦᠨᠵᠢᠭᠦᠷ khalzaŋ tüŋjüür 'bald-foreheaded rail' Other: Халзан шувуу ᠬᠠᠯᠵᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠪᠠᠭᠣ khalzaŋ shuvuu 'bald-foreheaded bird' Харгууна ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠭᠣᠨ᠎ᠠ kharguun 'coot' (Inner Mongolia)	白骨顶 (白骨頂) bái gǔ-dǐng 'white bone top' or 骨顶鸡 (骨頂雞) gǔ-dǐng jī 'bone top fowl' (alt in 1, 3) Taiwan: (白冠鸡) 白冠雞 bái-guān jī 'white-crested fowl'	オオバン (大鷭) ō ban 'large moorhen'	물닭 mul-dalg 'water-fowl/chicken'	Қасқалдақ qasqaldak 'coot'	Sakarmeke 'coot'

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