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Alcedinidae
วงศ์นกกะเต็น
woŋ nók kà-ten

Họ Bồng chanh

翠鸟科
cuì-niǎo kē

翠鳥科
cuì-niǎo kē

カワセミ科
kawa-semi ka

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General

Information is from dictionaries and other sources. Comments and corrections welcome. Hover over Green Lettering Green lettering at this site hides a tool tip with glosses, further explanations, etc. Hover cursor to reveal. to see additional information.

The old Thai general name เต็น ten 'kingfisher' survives in modern Thai only with a wildlife prefix. In all of the Lekagul series editions (18, 19, 20, 20a, 22, 23) the version used is นกกะเต็น nók kà-ten (which is also used here for the family name of the Alcedinidae). However (21) and many other sources prefer นกกระเต็น nók krà-ten.

The same old name still occurs in Lao both with and without a wildlife prefix: ເຕັນ tèn (or ten) and ກະເຕັນ ká-tèn.

Any bird which eats fish may be called นกกินปลา nók kin-plaa 'fish-eater (bird)'. However, in some sources นกกินปลา nók kin-plaa has been restricted as a kingfisher general name, reflecting popular usage. Species-names for Todiramphus chloris are variations on similar constructions, all meaning essentially 'crab-eater (bird)'.

Species names

› ABOUT THIS TABLE‹
ALCEDININAE
SCIENTIFIC & WESTERN
THAI
S.E. ASIAN
EAST ASIAN
Ceyx
Latin
English
Thai
Other Th
Malaysian
Indonesian
Vietnamese
Chinese
Japanese
Ceyx erithaca
Ceyx erithacus
Ceyx rufidorsa link to photo
East Asian dwarf kingfisher
Three-toed kingfisher
Ceyx rufidorsa:
Rufous-backed Kingfisher
นกกะเต็นน้อยสามนิ้วหลังดำ
nók kà-ten nóaay săam-níw lăŋ-dam
'black-backed three-toed little kingfisher (bird)'
Ceyx rufidorsa:
นกกะเต็นน้อยสามนิ้วหลังแดง
nók kà-ten nóaay săam-níw lăŋ-daeeŋ
'red-backed three-toed little kingfisher (bird)'
นกกะเต็นน้อยหลังดำ
nók kà-ten nóaay lăŋ-dam
'black-backed little kingfisher (bird)' (20a)
นกกะเต็นน้อยสามนิ้ว
nók kà-ten nóaay săam-níw
'three-toed little kingfisher (bird)' (20)
นกกระเต็นน้อยสามนิ้ว
nók krà-ten nóaay săam-níw
'three-toed little kingfisher (bird)' (21)
›Taxonomy‹
Burung Pekaka Api
'fire kingfisher (bird)' (onomat.) (26)
Burung Pekaka Rimba
'jungle kingfisher (bird)' (onomat.) (24) (Conflicts with Lacedo pulchella and Actenoides concretus)
Burung Pekaka Sepah
'scarlet kingfisher (bird)' (onomat.) (25)
Burung Udang Api
'fire shrimp-bird'
Ceyx erithacus:
Chim Bồng chanh đỏ
'red bồng chanh bird' (12, 34)
三趾翠鸟
(三趾翠鳥)
sān-zhǐ cuì-niǎo
'three-toed kingfisher-bird'
Taiwan:
(三趾翠鸟)
三趾翠鳥
sān-zhǐ cuì-niǎo
'three-toed kingfisher-bird'
ミツユビカワセミ
(三つ趾翡翠 ~ 三つ趾川蝉 ~ 三つ趾魚狗)
mitsu-yubi kawa-semi
'three-toed river kingfisher1'
Alcedo
Latin
English
Thai
Other Th
Malaysian
Indonesian
Vietnamese
Chinese
Japanese
Alcedo euryzona
link to photo
Blue-banded kingfisher นกกะเต็นน้อยแถบอกดำ
nók kà-ten nóaay tʰàeep-òk-dam
'black-breast-banded little kingfisher (bird)'
นกกระเต็นน้อยแถบอกดำ
nók krà-ten nóaay tʰàeep-òk-dam
'black-breast-banded little kingfisher (bird)' (21)
Burung Binti-Binti Besar
'large freckled-bird' (26)
Burung Pekaka Bukit
'hill kingfisher (bird)' (onomat.) (24, 25)
Burung Raja-udang Kalung-biru
'blue-necklaced shrimp-king-bird'
  蓝带翠鸟
(藍帶翠鳥)
lán-dài cuì-niǎo
'blue-banded kingfisher-bird' (4)
蓝胸翠鸟
(藍胸翠鳥)
lán-xiōng cuì-niǎo
'blue-breasted kingfisher-bird' (5)
アオムネカワセミ
(青胸翡翠 ~ 青胸川蝉 ~ 青胸魚狗)
ao-mune kawa-semi
'blue-breasted river kingfisher1'
Alcedo meninting
link to photo
Blue-eared kingfisher นกกะเต็นน้อยหลังสีน้ำเงิน
nók kà-ten nóaay lăŋ-sĭi-nám-ŋoen
'blue-backed little kingfisher (bird)'
นกกระเต็นน้อยหลังสีน้ำเงิน
nók krà-ten nóaay lăŋ-sĭi-nám-ŋoen
'blue-backed little kingfisher (bird)' (21)
Burung Pekaka Bintik-bintik
'freckled kingfisher (bird)' (onomat.) (24, 25)
Burung Binti-Binti
'freckled bird' (26)
Burung Raja-udang Meninting
'forktail shrimp-king-bird'
Chim Bồng chanh tai xanh
'blue/green-eared bồng chanh bird' (12, 34)
蓝耳翠鸟
(藍耳翠鳥)
lán-ěr cuì-niǎo
'blue-eared kingfisher-bird'
ルリカワセミ
(瑠璃翡翠 ~ 瑠璃川蝉 ~ 瑠璃魚狗 ~ 琉璃翡翠 ~ 琉璃川蝉 ~ 琉璃魚狗)
ruri kawa-semi
'lapis lazuli river kingfisher1'
Alcedo hercules
link to photo
Blyth's kingfisher นกกะเต็นเฮอคิวลิส
nók kà-ten hoee-kʰiw-lít
'Hercules kingfisher (bird)' (hoee-kʰiw-lít from English 'Hercules')
นกกระเต็นเฮอคิวลิส
nók krà-ten hoee-kʰiw-lít
'Hercules kingfisher (bird)' (hoee-kʰiw-lít from English 'Hercules') (21)
    Chim Bồng chanh rừng
'forest bồng chanh bird' (12, 13, 34)
斑头大翠鸟
(斑頭大翠鳥)
bān-tóu dà cuì-niǎo
'stripe-headed large kingfisher-bird'
オオカワセミ
(大翡翠 ~ 大川蝉 ~ 大魚狗)
ō kawa-semi
'large river kingfisher1'
Alcedo atthis
link to photolink to photolink to photo
Common kingfisher
River kingfisher
นกกะเต็นน้อยธรรมดา
nók kà-ten nóaay tʰam-ma-daa
'common little kingfisher (bird)'
นกกระเต็นน้อยธรรมดา
nók krà-ten nóaay tʰam-ma-daa
'common little kingfisher (bird)' (21)
นกกระเต็นน้อย
nók krà-ten nóaay
'little kingfisher (bird)' (alt in 21)
Burung Raja Udang
'shrimp-king bird' (26)
Burung Pekaka Cit-cit Kecil
'small cit-cit kingfisher (bird)' (onomat., cit-cit is from species call) (24)
Burung Pekaka Cit-cit
'cit-cit kingfisher (bird)' (onomat., cit-cit is from species call) (25)
Burung Raja-udang Erasia
'Eurasian shrimp-king-bird'
Chim Bồng chanh
'bồng chanh bird' (12, 13, 34)
普通翠鸟
(普通翠鳥)
pǔtōng cuì-niǎo
'common kingfisher-bird'

Taiwan:
(翠鸟)
翠鳥
cuì-niǎo
'kingfisher-bird'
カワセミ
(翡翠 ~ 川蝉 ~ 魚狗)
kawa-semi
'river kingfisher1'
 
CERYLINAE
SCIENTIFIC & WESTERN
THAI
S.E. ASIAN
EAST ASIAN
Megaceryle
Latin
English
Thai
Other Th
Malaysian
Indonesian
Vietnamese
Chinese
Japanese
Megaceryle lugubris
Ceryle lugubris
link to photo
Crested kingfisher
Greater pied kingfisher
Crested pied kingfisher
Pied kingfisher
นกกะเต็นขาวดำใหญ่
nók kà-ten kʰăaw-dam yày
'large black (&) white kingfisher (bird)'
นกกระเต็นขาวดำใหญ่
nók krà-ten kʰăaw-dam yày
'large black (&) white kingfisher (bird)' (21)
    Chim Bói cá lớn
'large bói cá bird' ( = 'fish') (12, 13, 34)
冠鱼狗
(冠魚狗)
guān yú-gǒu
'crested fish-dog'
ヤマセミ
(山翡翠 ~ 山魚狗)
yama-semi
'mountain kingfisher1'
Ceryle
Latin
English
Thai
Other Th
Malaysian
Indonesian
Vietnamese
Chinese
Japanese
Ceryle rudis
link to photolink to photo
Pied kingfisher
Lesser pied kingfisher
นกกะเต็นปักหลัก
nók kà-ten pàk-làk
'hoverer-kingfisher (bird)'
นกกระเต็นปักหลัก
nók krà-ten pàk-làk
'hoverer-kingfisher (bird)' (21)
นกปักหลัก
nók pàk-làk
'hoverer (bird)' (alt in 21) (compare Halcyon pileata)
    Chim Bói cá nhỏ
'small bói cá bird' ( = 'fish') (12, 13, 34)
斑鱼狗
(斑魚狗)
bān yú-gǒu
'striped fish-dog'
Taiwan:
(斑翡翠)
斑翡翠
bān fěicuì
'striped kingfisher'
ヒメヤマセミ
(姫山翡翠 ~ 姫山魚狗)
hime yama-semi
'princess mountain kingfisher1'
 
HALCYONINAE
SCIENTIFIC & WESTERN
THAI
S.E. ASIAN
EAST ASIAN
Lacedo
Latin
English
Thai
Other Th
Malaysian
Indonesian
Vietnamese
Chinese
Japanese
Lacedo pulchella
link to photo
Banded kingfisher นกกะเต็นลาย
nók kà-ten laay
'striped kingfisher (bird)'
นกกระเต็นลาย
nók krà-ten laay
'striped kingfisher (bird)' (21)
Burung Pekaka Rimba
'jungle bright-kingfisher (bird)' (onomat.) (26) (Conflicts with Ceyx erithacus and Actenoides concretus)
or
Burung Kaing-Kaing Bukit
'hill kaing-kaing bird' (onomat., from species call) (alt in 26)
Burung Pekaka Kaing-Kaing
'kaing-kaing kingfisher bird' (onomat., kaing-kaing from species call) (25)
Burung Pekaka Riang Rimba
'jungle bright-kingfisher (bird)' (onomat.) (24)
Burung Cekakak Batu
'rock kingfisher (bird)' (onomat.)
Chim Sả vằn
'striped halcyon bird' (12, 34)
横斑翠鸟
(橫斑翠鳥)
héng-bān cuì-niǎo
'horizontal-striped kingfisher-bird' (4)
斑翠鸟
(斑翠鳥)
bān cuì-niǎo
'striped kingfisher-bird' (5)
カザリショウビン
(飾り翡翠)
kazari shōbin
'decorative kingfisher2'
Pelargopsis
Latin
English
Thai
Other Th
Malaysian
Indonesian
Vietnamese
Chinese
Japanese
Pelargopsis capensis
Halcyon capensis
link to photolink to photo
Stork-billed kingfisher นกกะเต็นใหญ่ธรรมดา
nók kà-ten yày tʰam-ma-daa
'common large kingfisher (bird)'
นกกำกวม
nók kam-kuam
'storkbilledkingfisher (bird)'
นกกระเต็นใหญ่ธรรมดา
nók krà-ten yày tʰam-ma-daa
'common large kingfisher (bird)' (21)
นกกระเต็นใหญ่
nók krà-ten yày
'large kingfisher (bird)' (alt in 21)
นกกระเต็นช้าง
nók krà-ten cʰáaŋ
'elephant kingfisher (bird)'
กามกวม
nók kaam-kuam
'kaam-kuam (bird)' (older variant spelling)
Burung Pekaka Emas
'gold kingfisher (bird)' (onomat.) (26)
or
Burung Buaya
'crocodile bird' (alt in 26) (Conflicts with P. amauroptera)
Burung Pekaka Buaya
'crocodile kingfisher (bird)' (onomat.) (25)
Burung Pekaka Paruh Besar
'large-billed kingfisher (bird)' (onomat.) (24)
Burung Pekaka Emas
'gold kingfisher (bird)' (onomat.)
›Name‹
Chim Sả mỏ rộng
'large-billed halcyon bird' (12, 13)
鹳嘴翡翠
(鸛嘴翠鳥)
guàn-zuǐ fěicuì
'stork-billed kingfisher'
コウハシショウビン
(鸛嘴翡翠)
kō-hashi shōbin
'stork-billed kingfisher2'
Pelargopsis amauroptera
Pelargopsis amauropterus
Halcyon amauroptera
link to photo
Brown-winged kingfisher นกกะเต็นใหญ่ปีกสีน้ำตาล
nók kà-ten yày pìik-sĭi-nám-taan
'brown-winged large kingfisher (bird)'
นกกระเต็นใหญ่ปีกสีน้ำตาล
nók krà-ten yày pìik-sĭi-nám-taan
'brown-winged large kingfisher (bird)' (21)
Burung Pekaka Emas Bakau
'mangrove gold kingfisher (bird)' (onomat.) (26)
Burung Pekaka Dendang
'crow kingfisher (bird)' (onomat.) (24, 25)
or
Burung Buaya
'crocodile bird' (alt in 26) (Conflicts with P. capensis)
    褐翅翡翠
(褐翅翡翠)
hè-chì fěicuì
'brown-winged kingfisher' (4)
褐翅鹳嘴翡翠
(褐翅鸛嘴翡翠)
hè-chì guàn-zuǐ fěicuì
'brown-winged stork-billed kingfisher' (5)
チャバネコウハシショウビン
(茶羽鸛嘴翡翠)
cha-bane kō-hashi shōbin
'brown-winged stork-billed kingfisher2'
Halcyon
Latin
English
Thai
Other Th
Malaysian
Indonesian
Vietnamese
Chinese
Japanese
Halcyon coromanda
link to photo
Ruddy kingfisher นกกะเต็นแดง
nók kà-ten daeeŋ
'red kingfisher (bird)'
นกกระเต็นแดง
nók krà-ten daeeŋ
'red kingfisher (bird)' (21)
Burung Pekaka Ungu
'purple kingfisher (bird)' (onomat.) (26)
Burung Pekaka Belacan
'speckled kingfisher (bird)' (onomat.) (24, 25)
Burung Cekakak Merah
'red kingfisher (bird)' (onomat.)
Chim Sả hung
'reddish halcyon bird' (12, 13, 34)
赤翡翠
(赤翡翠)
chì fěicuì
'red kingfisher'
Taiwan:
(赤翡翠)
赤翡翠
chì fěicuì
'red kingfisher'
アカショウビン
(赤翡翠)
aka shōbin
'red kingfisher2'
Halcyon smyrnensis
link to photolink to photo
White-throated kingfisher
White-breasted kingfisher
Smyrna Kingfisher
นกกะเต็นอกขาว
nók kà-ten òk-kʰăaw
'white-breasted kingfisher (bird)'
นกกระเต็นอกขาว
nók krà-ten òk-kʰăaw
'white-breasted kingfisher (bird)' (21)
นกกินปลาอกขาว
nók kin-plaa òk-kʰăaw
'white-breasted fish-eater (bird)' (alt in 21)
Burung Pekaka Dada Putih
'white-breasted kingfisher (bird)' (onomat.) (26)
Burung Pekaka Belukar
'thicket kingfisher (bird)' (onomat.) (24)
Burung Pekaka Dusun
'backwoods kingfisher (bird)' (onomat.) (25)
Burung Cekakak Belukar
'thicket kingfisher (bird)' (onomat.)
Chim Sả đầu nâu
'brown-headed halcyon bird' (12, 13, 34)
白胸翡翠
(白胸翡翠)
bái-xiōng fěicuì
'white-breasted kingfisher'
Taiwan:
(苍翡翠)
蒼翡翠
cāng fěicuì
'darkblue kingfisher'
アオショウビン
(青翡翠)
ao shōbin
'blue/green kingfisher2'
Halcyon pileata
link to photo
Black-capped kingfisher นกกะเต็นหัวดำ
nók kà-ten hŭa-dam
'black-headed kingfisher (bird)'
นกกระเต็นหัวดำ
nók krà-ten hŭa-dam
'black-headed kingfisher (bird)' (21)
นกปากราก
nók pàak-râak
'pàak-râak (bird)' (compare Ceryle rudis)
Burung Pekaka Kepala Hitam
'black-headed kingfisher (bird)' (onomat.) (26)
Burung Pekaka Kopiah Hitam
'black-capped kingfisher (bird)' (onomat.) (24, 25)
Burung Cekakak Cina
'Chinese kingfisher (bird)' (onomat.)
Chim Sả đầu đen
'black-headed halcyon bird' (12, 13, 34)
蓝翡翠
(藍翡翠)
lán fěicuì
'blue kingfisher'
Taiwan:
(黑头翡翠)
黑頭翡翠
hēi-tóu fěicuì
'black-headed kingfisher'
ヤマショウビン
(山翡翠)
yama shōbin
'mountain kingfisher2'
Actenoides
Latin
English
Thai
Other Th
Malaysian
Indonesian
Vietnamese
Chinese
Japanese
Actenoides concretus
Halcyon concreta
link to photo
Rufous-collared kingfisher
Chestnut-collared kingfisher
นกกะเต็นสร้อยคอสีน้ำตาล
nók kà-ten sôaay-kʰoaa-sĭi-nám-taan
'brown-necklaced kingfisher (bird)'
นกกระเต็นสร้อยคอสีน้ำตาล
nók krà-ten sôaay-kʰoaa-sĭi-nám-taan
'brown-necklaced kingfisher (bird)' (21)
Burung Pekaka Rimba Besar
'large jungle-kingfisher (bird)' (onomat.) (24, 26)
Burung Pekaka Rimba
'jungle kingfisher (bird)' (onomat.) (25) (Conflicts with Ceyx erithacus and Lacedo pulchella)
Burung Cekakak-hutan Melayu
'Malayan forest-kingfisher (bird)' (onomat.)
  栗领翡翠
(栗領翠鳥)
lì-lǐng fěicuì
'chestnut-collared kingfisher'
アオヒゲショウビン
(青髭翡翠)
ao-hige shōbin
'blue/green-whiskered kingfisher2'
Todiramphus
Latin
English
Thai
Other Th
Malaysian
Indonesian
Vietnamese
Chinese
Japanese
Todiramphus chloris
Todirhamphus chloris
Halcyon chloris
link to photolink to photo
Collared kingfisher
White-collared kingfisher
นกกินเปี้ยว
nók kin-pîaw
'fiddlercrab-eater (bird)'
นกกินปู
nók kin-puu
'crab-eater (bird)' (alt in 21)
นกปูเปี้ยว
nók puu-pîaw
'fiddlercrab-crab bird' (alt in 21)
Burung Pekaka Bakau
'mangrove kingfisher (bird)' (onomat.) (26, 25)
Burung Pekaka Sungai
'river kingfisher (bird)' (onomat.) (24)
Burung Cekakak Sungai
'river kingfisher (bird)' (onomat.)
Halcyon chloris (12):
Chim Sả khoang cổ
'streak-necked halcyon bird' (12, 13)
白领翡翠
(白領翡翠)
bái-lǐng fěicuì
'white-collared kingfisher'
Taiwan:
(白领翡翠)
白領翡翠
bái-lǐng fěicuì
'white-collared kingfisher'
ナンヨウショウビン
(南洋翡翠)
nan'yō shōbin
'south seas kingfisher2'

翡翠 fěicuì is an ancient name signifying 'red feathers' () + 'blue feathers' (), for which certain kingfishers were prized. In modern times Chinese ornithologists have for mostly restricted the name 翡翠 fěicuì to the halcyonid kingfishers, although Taiwan still uses it for a cerylid kingfisher.

翠鸟 cuì-niǎo, literally 'bluefeather-bird', using the second character in 翡翠 fěicuì, is a long-standing general kingfisher name most closely associated with the widespread Common Kingfisher Alcedo atthis. As a modern ornithological name it is also extended to other members of the genus Alcedo.

ショウビン shōbin is used ornithologically for the halcyonid kingfishers. All Japanese kingfisher names can be written 翡翠, a Chinese name for the kingfishers. In addition to ショウビン shōbin, 翡翠 can be read as カワセミ kawa-semi, ヒスイ hisui, and セミ semi (in the name ヤマセミ yama-semi only), all meaning 'kingfisher'. (To distinguish the names here, ショウビン shōbin is called 'kingfisher2'. セミ semi is 'kingfisher1'.)

カワセミ kawa-semi, literally 'river kingfisher', is used ornithologically for the alcedinid kingfishers. Traditionally written in at least three ways:
1. 翡翠, a Chinese name for the kingfishers, which may also be read as ショウビン shōbin, ヒスイ hisui, or (in ヤマセミ yama-semi 'mountain kingfisher') as セミ semi, all meaning 'kingfisher'. 2. 川蝉, literally 'river cicada', using the character for the homonymous word meaning 'cicada' (セミ semi). 3. 魚狗 'fish-dog', another Chinese name for the kingfishers. 1. and 3. both use a Chinese name as a whole to write カワセミ kawasemi. Neither thus contains an individual character representing 'river' (カワ kawa).
(To distinguish the names here, セミ semi is called 'kingfisher1' and ショウビン shōbin is 'kingfisher2')

ルリ ruri 'lapis lazuli' may be written two ways in Japanese: 瑠璃 or 琉璃.

ヤマセミ yama-semi, made up of ヤマ yama 'mountain' plus セミ semi 'kingfisher', is used ornithologically for the cerylid kingfishers. Traditionally written either 1. 'mountain' + 翡翠 'kingfisher' (the latter a Chinese word meaning 'kingfisher'), or 2. 'mountain' + 魚狗 'fish-dog' (the latter being another Chinese word for 'kingfisher'.) 翡翠 is also used to write the kingfisher names カワセミ kawa-semi, ショウビン shōbin and ヒスイ hisui. 魚狗 is also used to write the name カワセミ kawa-semi.

The usual meaning of กำกวม kam-kuam is 'obscure, unclear, cryptic, vague, etc', but there is also an unrelated meaning of 'stork-billed kingfisher' whose etymology is unclear.

世界鸟类分类与分布名录 主编:郑光美 科学出版社 北京 2002年
A Checklist on the Classification and Distribution of the Birds of the World Chief editor: Zheng Guangmei, Science Press, Beijing 2002

世界鸟类名称(拉丁文、汉文、英文对照)第二版 郑作新等 科学出版社 北京 2002年
Birds of the World (Latin, Chinese and English Names) 2nd ed. by Cheng Tso-Hsin et al, Science Press, Beijing 2002

中国鸟类分布名录 第二版 郑作新 科学出版社 北京 1976年
(Checklist of the Classification of Birds of China 2nd edition by Cheng Tso-Hsin, Science Press, Beijing 1976)

香港及華南鳥類(第六版)(翻譯成中文及重新修訂) 尹璉、費嘉倫、林超英 香港性徵特區政府新聞處政府印務局 1994年
Birds of Hong Kong and South China (6th edition, translated into Chinese and newly revised) by Clive Viney, Karen Phillipps, Lin Chaoying, Hong Kong Govt. Press 1994

Pocket Checklist of the Birds of the Republic of Singapore / Senai Jenis-Jenis Burung di Singapura / 新加坡野鸟目录 by Lim Kim Seng Nature Society (Singapore) 1999

Danh Lục Chim Việt Nam (In lần thứ hai) (Checklist of the Birds of Vietnam) Võ Quý, Nguyễn Cử, Nhà Xuất Bản Nông Nghiệp, Hà Nội 1999

Chim Việt Nam Nguyễn Cử, Lê Trọng Trải, Karen Phillipps; Nhà Xuất Bản Lao Động - Xã Hội, 2000

Bird Guide of Thailand by Lekagul, Boonsong, Ramin Press, Bangkok 1968

Bird Guide of Thailand 2nd edition by Lekagul, Boonsong and Edward W. Cronin, Jr., Kurusapa Ladprao Press, Bangkok 1974

A guide to the Birds of Thailand by Lekagul, Boonsong and Philip D. Round, Saha Karn Bhaet Co., Ltd., Bangkok 1991

Check-list of Thai Birds Round, Philip D., Bird Conservation Society of Thailand, Bangkok 2008. Draft version downloaded from the site of the Bird Conservation Society of Thailand in 2009 but no longer posted there, an expanded update of the species included in Lekagul & Round 1991

นกในเมืองไทย (Birds in Thailand) by รศ. โอภาส ขอบเขตต์ (Assoc. Prof. Obhas Khobkhet), Sarakadee Press, Bangkok 1998

นกเมืองไทย (Birds [of] Thailand) by จารุจินต์ นภีตะภัฏ, กานต์ เลขะกุล, วัชระ สงวนสมบติ (Jarujin Nabhitabata, Karn Lekagul, Wachara Sanguansombat), คณะบุคคล นายแพทย์ บุญส่ง เลขะกุล (Dr Boonsong Lekagul Group), Bangkok 2007

นกเมืองไทย (Birds [of] Thailand) by จารุจินต์ นภีตะภัฏ, กานต์ เลขะกุล, วัชระ สงวนสมบติ (Jarujin Nabhitabata, Karn Lekagul, Wachara Sanguansombat), คณะบุคคล นายแพทย์ บุญส่ง เลขะกุล (Dr Boonsong Lekagul Group), Bangkok 2012

Senarai Nama-nama Burung Semenanjung Malaysia dan Asia Tenggara by Ismail, Abdul Rahman, Perhilitan (Jabatam Perlindungan Hidupan Liar dan Taman Negara, Semenanjung Malaysia), Kuala Lumpur 1981
(List of the Names of Birds of Peninsular Malaysia and Southeast Asia by Ismail, Abdul Rahman, Department of Wildlife and National Parks, Peninsular Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 1981)

The Birds of the Thai-Malay Peninsula: Vol. 1 - Non-passerines by Wells, David R., Academic Press, London 1999

A Field Guide to the Birds of West Malaysia and Singapore by Jeyarajasingam, Allen and Alan Pearson, Oxford University Press, Oxford 1999

Danh Lục Các Loài Chim ở Việt Nam (Latinh, Việt, Pháp, Hán) Trần Văn Chánh 2008-2009