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Turnicidae
วงศ์นกคุ่มอืด้
woŋ nók kʰûm-èuut

Họ Cun cút

三趾鹑科
sān-zhǐ-chún kē

三趾鶉科
sān-zhǐ-chún kē

ミフウズラ科
mifu-uzura ka

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General

Information is from dictionaries and other sources. Comments and corrections welcome. Hover over Green Lettering to see additional information.

Until recently, popular and ornithological naming made no distinction between Turnix buttonquails (Turnicidae) and Coturnix-Synoicus quails (Phasianidae), which all share the same Thai general name นกคุ่ม nók kʰûm 'quail'. In former ornithological taxonomies both kinds of bird were in the same genus and family, and their shared identification as equivalents to English 'quail' remains common.

However, because buttonquails are more common in Southeast Asia than phasianid quails, ornithologically นกคุ่ม nók kʰûm 'quail' (without modifiers) and นกคุ่มแท้ nók kʰûm-tʰáee 'true-quail' are intended to refer to buttonquails, and not, as might be assumed, phasianid quails.

In more modern ornithological naming some of the buttonquail species are distinguished as นกคุ่มอืด nók kʰûm-èuut 'buttonquail'. (The etymology is unclear as there are two principal adjectival meanings for อืด èuut, 'slow' and 'swollen' and ornithologically the word is found only in these names.)

Earlier family names for the Turnicidae, วงศ์นกคุ่ม woŋ nók kʰûm 'quail family' in (18, 19) and วงศ์นกคุ่มแท้ woŋ nók kʰûm-tʰáee 'true-quail family' in (20), have accordingly been replaced in (21, 22, 23) with วงศ์นกคุ่มอืด woŋ nók kʰûm-èuut 'buttonquail family'.

The spelling of the quail name in the oldest dictionaries is คุ่ม kʰûm, which is also the current spelling. Unfortunately, the first ornithological publications introduced a spelling error "คุ้ม kʰúm" which then appeared in some later dictionaries alongside the original spelling. Following current practice, the spellings of all quail names from that intervening era have been corrected here to คุ่ม kʰûm.

Species names

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SCIENTIFIC & WESTERN
THAI
OTHER S. E. ASIAN
EAST ASIAN
Turnix
Latin
English
Thai
Other Th
Malaysian
Indonesian
Vietnamese
Chinese
Japanese
Turnix sylvaticus
Turnix sylvatica
link to photo
Common buttonquail
Small buttonquail
Little Button-quail
Little Bustard Quail
Kurrichane Buttonquail
Andalusian Hemipode
นกคุ่มอืดเล็ก
nók kʰûm èuut lék
'small buttonquail (bird)'
นกคุ่มแกลบ
nók kʰûm klàeep
'lesser quail (bird)'
Burung Puyuh Kecil
'small quail (bird)' (24, 28)
Burung Gemak Tegalan
'dryfield quail (bird)' 
Burung Puyuh Tegalan Kecil
'small dryfield quail (bird)' (29)
Chim Cun cút nhỏ
'small quail (bird)' (12, 13, 34)
林三趾鹑
(林三趾鶉 )
lín sān-zhǐ-chún
'forest three-toed quail'
Taiwan:
(林三趾鹑)
林三趾鶉
lín sān-zhǐ-chún
'forest three-toed quail'
ヒメミフウズラ
(姫三斑鶉)
hime mi-fu uzura
'princess three-striped quail'
Turnix tanki
link to photo
Yellow-legged buttonquail
Yellow-legged button-quail
Yellow-legged bustard quail
Burmese button quail
นกคุ่มอืดใหญ่
nók kʰûm èuut yày
'large buttonquail (bird)'
  Burung Puyuh Kaki Kuning
'yellow-legged quail (bird)' (24, 25)
  Chim Cun cút lưng hung
'reddish-backed quail' (12, 13, 34)
黄脚三趾鹑
(黃腳三趾鶉 )
huáng-jiǎo sān-zhǐ-chún
'yellow-legged three-toed quail'
Taiwan:
(黄脚三趾鹑)
黃腳三趾鶉
huáng-jiǎo sān-zhǐ-chún
'yellow-legged three-toed quail'
チョウセンミフウズラ
(朝鮮三斑鶉)
chōsen mi-fu uzura
'Korean three-striped quail'
Turnix suscitator
link to photo
Barred Buttonquail
Bustard Quail
Common Bustard Quail
นกคุ่มอกลาย
nók kʰûm òk-laay
'stripe-breasted quail (bird)'
นกคุ่มอืดอกลาย
nók kʰûm èuut òk-laay
'stripe-breasted buttonquail (bird)' (21)
นกคุ่มหม้อ
nók kʰûm môaa
'pot quail (bird)'
Burung Puyuh
'quail (bird)' (old, 26, 28)
Burung Puyuh Tanah
'ground quail (bird)' (24, 25)
Burung Gemak Loreng
'striped quail (bird)'
Burung Puyuh Tegalan Loreng
'striped dryfield quail (bird)' (29)
Chim Cun cút lưng nâu
'brown-backed quail' (12, 13, 34)
棕三趾鹑
(棕三趾鶉 )
zōng sān-zhǐ-chún
'reddishbrown three-toed quail'
Taiwan:
(棕三趾鹑)
棕三趾鶉
zōng sān-zhǐ-chún
'reddishbrown three-toed quail'
ミフウズラ
(三斑鶉)
mi-fu uzura
'three-striped quail'

Mostly from Robinson (& Chasen) 1927-1939 v1-4; additions from Madoc 1947 (et.seq.), and Glenister 1951 (both mostly names copied from Robinson)

中国鸟类种和亚种分类名录大全(修订版) 郑作新 著 科学出版社 北京 2000年
A Complete Checklist of Species and Subspecies of the Chinese Birds (Revised Edition) by Cheng Tso-Hsin, Science Press, Beijing 2000

中国鸟类分类与分布名录 主编:郑光美 科学出版社 北京 2005年
A Checklist on the Classification and Distribution of the Birds of China Chief editor: Zheng Guangmei, Science Press, Beijing 2005

中国鸟类野外手册(中文版)约翰・马敬能、卡伦・菲利普斯,合作者:荷芬奇,翻译:卢和芬 湖南教育出版社 长沙 2000年
A Field Guide to the Birds of China (Chinese translation) by John MacKinnon, Karen Phillipps, in collaboration with He Fen-qi, translated by Lu Hefen, Hunan Jiaoyu Chubanshe (Hunan Educational Press) Changsha 2000

世界鸟类分类与分布名录 主编:郑光美 科学出版社 北京 2002年
A Checklist on the Classification and Distribution of the Birds of the World Chief editor: Zheng Guangmei, Science Press, Beijing 2002

世界鸟类名称(拉丁文、汉文、英文对照)第二版 郑作新等 科学出版社 北京 2002年
Birds of the World (Latin, Chinese and English Names) 2nd ed. by Cheng Tso-Hsin et al, Science Press, Beijing 2002

中国鸟类分布名录 第二版 郑作新 科学出版社 北京 1976年
(Checklist of the Classification of Birds of China 2nd edition by Cheng Tso-Hsin, Science Press, Beijing 1976)

香港及華南鳥類(第六版)(翻譯成中文及重新修訂) 尹璉、費嘉倫、林超英 香港性徵特區政府新聞處政府印務局 1994年
Birds of Hong Kong and South China (6th edition, translated into Chinese and newly revised) by Clive Viney, Karen Phillipps, Lin Chaoying, Hong Kong Govt. Press 1994

Pocket Checklist of the Birds of the Republic of Singapore / Senai Jenis-Jenis Burung di Singapura / 新加坡野鸟目录 by Lim Kim Seng Nature Society (Singapore) 1999