General
Information is from dictionaries and other sources. Comments and corrections welcome. All Malaysian and Indonesian names in the process of conversion into modernised spelling only. Hover over Green Lettering Green lettering at this site hides a tool tip with glosses, further explanations, etc. Hover cursor to reveal. to see additional information.
The wagtails and pipits form two visually distinct groups and in most languages are named accordingly (with Dendronanthus conventionally regarded as a wagtail).
1. Like Thai, ordinary Malaysian usage gives the wagtails the same name as the sandpipers (Scolopacidae), i.e., Burung Kedidi or 'bobber (bird)', based on the birds' bobbing action. Ornithological Malaysian uses kedidi for the wagtails, although not for the pipits. In both Malaysian and Indonesian ornithological usage, kedidi is used as a general name for small shorebirds in the Scolopacidae, loosely translated into English as 'sandpiper'.
2. Malaysian ornithological authorities mostly identify the pipits as a kind of sparrow, or Burung Ciak 'sparrow bird', using the onomatopoeic Malay word for 'sparrow' (Passeridae).
(24) is exceptional in using the term Burung Pipit 'pipit bird' for both the wagtails and the pipits, applying a consistent ornithological name to the entire family.
Within Malay, Pipit is an onomatopoeic name for the sparrows (Passeridae), and in using this name, (24) gives the appearance of identifying the wagtails and pipits as kinds of sparrow. However, it is clear that the choice of name cannot be considered without reference to the English word 'pipit'.
Indonesian usage
Indonesian ornithological usage divides the Motacillidae into wagtails (Motacilla and Dendronanthus) and pipits (Anthus).
1. The wagtails are known by the onomatopoeic name Burung Kicuit, glossed here as 'wagtail (bird)'.
2. The pipits are known as Burung Apung, literally meaning 'floater bird'.
Species names
SCIENTIFIC & WESTERN |
MALAY |
OTHER S. E. ASIAN |
EAST ASIAN |
|||||
Dendronanthus | ||||||||
Latin |
English |
Malaysian | Other M |
Indonesian |
Thai |
Vietnamese |
Chinese |
Japanese |
Dendronanthus indicus |
Forest wagtail | Burung Kedidi Hutan 'forest bobber (bird)' (see sandpipers) (26, 27) Burung Pipit Rimba 'jungle sparrow (bird)' (pipit, see sparrows) (24) |
Burung Kicuit Hutan 'forest wagtail (bird)' (onomat.) |
นกเด้าลมดง nók dâw-lom doŋ 'jungle wind-bobber (bird)' |
Chim Chìa vôi rừng 'forest wagtail (bird)' (12, 13, 34) |
山鹡鸰 (山鶺鴒) 'mountain wagtail' or 林鹡鸰 (林鶺鴒) 'forest wagtail' (alt in 1) Taiwan: (山鹡鸰) 山鶺鴒 'mountain wagtail' |
イワミセキレイ (石見鶺鴒) iwami sekirei 'Iwami wagtail' |
|
Anthus | ||||||||
Latin |
English |
Malaysian |
Other M |
Indonesian |
Thai |
Vietnamese |
Chinese |
Japanese |
Anthus hodgsoni |
Olive-backed pipit Indian tree pipit East Asian tree pipit |
Burung Ciak Pokok 'tree sparrow (bird)' (ciak, see sparrows) (26, 27) Burung Pipit Padang 'field sparrow (bird)' (pipit, see sparrows) (24) |
นกเด้าดินสวน nók dâw-din sŭan 'garden earth-bobber (bird)' |
Chim Manh Vân Nam 'Yunnanese pipit (bird)' (12, 13, 34) |
树鹨 (樹鷚) 'tree pipit' Taiwan: (树鹨) 樹鷚 or 'tree pipit' |
ビンズイ (便追 ~ 木鷚) binzui 'binzui' |
||
Anthus cervinus |
Red-throated pipit | Burung Ciak Leher Merah 'red-necked sparrow (bird)' (ciak, see sparrows) (26, 27) Burung Pipit Injup 'injup sparrow bird' (pipit, see sparrows) (24) |
Burung Apung Kijang 'deer floater (bird)' |
นกเด้าดินอกแดง nók dâw-din òk-daeeŋ 'red-breasted earth-bobber (bird)' |
Chim Manh họng đỏ 'red-throated pipit (bird)' (12, 13, 34) |
红喉鹨 (紅喉鷚) 'red-throated pipit' Taiwan: (赤喉鹨) 赤喉鷚 or 'red-throated pipit' |
ムネアカタヒバリ (胸赤田雲雀 ~ 胸赤田鷚) mune-aka ta-hibari 'red-breasted field-lark' |
|
Anthus richardi |
Richard's pipit |
Burung Ciak Padang 'field sparrow (bird)' (ciak, see sparrows) (26) (Conflicts with A. rufulus) Burung Ciak Besar 'ground sparrow (bird)' (ciak, see sparrows) (27) Burung Pipit Tanah 'ground sparrow (bird)' (pipit, see sparrows) (24) |
Anthus novaeseelandiae: Burung Apung Tanah 'ground floater (bird)' |
นกเด้าดินทุ่งใหญ่ nók dâw-din tʰûŋ yày 'large field earth-bobber (bird)' |
Anthus novaeseelandiae (12): Chim Manh lớn 'large pipit (bird)' (12, 13) |
田鹨 (田鷚) 'field pipit' (alt in 1, 2, 4, 5) 理氏鹨 (理氏鷚) 'Mr Li's pipit' (3) Taxonomy Taiwan: (大花鹨) 大花鷚 or 'large flowery pipit' |
マミジロタヒバリ (眉白田雲雀 ~ 田鷚) mami-jiro ta-hibari 'white-eyebrowed field-lark' |
|
Anthus rufulus |
Paddyfield pipit East Asian pipit |
Burung Ciak Padang 'field sparrow (bird)' (ciak, see sparrows) (27 (Conflicts with nominate race) |
นกเด้าดินทุ่งเล็ก nók dâw-din tʰûŋ lék 'small earth-bobber (bird)' |
Chim Manh Miến Điện 'Burmese pipit (bird)' (34) |
东方田鹨 (東方田鷚) 'East Asian field pipit' (2, 4) 田鹨 (田鷚) 'field pipit' (3) |
ヒメマミジロタヒバリ (姫眉白田雲雀 ~ 姫眉白田鷚) hime mami-jiro ta-hibari 'princess white-eyebrowed field-lark' (Wikipedia) |
||
Motacilla | ||||||||
Latin |
English |
Malaysian | Other M |
Indonesian |
Thai |
Vietnamese |
Chinese |
Japanese |
Motacilla flava |
Yellow Wagtail Western Yellow Wagtail |
Burung Kedidi Kuning 'yellow bobber (bird)' (see sandpipers) (26, 27) Burung Pipit Kuning 'yellow sparrow (bird)' (pipit, see sparrows) (24) |
Burung Kicuit Kerbau 'buffalo wagtail (bird)' (onomat.) |
นกเด้าลมเหลือง nók dâw-lom lĕuaŋ 'yellow wind-bobber (bird)' |
Chim Chìa vôi vàng 'yellow wagtail (bird)' (12, 13, 34) |
黄鹡鸰 (黃鶺鴒) 'yellow wagtail' Taiwan: (黄鹡鸰) 黃鶺鴒 'yellow wagtail' |
ツメナガセキレイ (爪長鶺鴒) tsume-naga sekirei 'long-clawed wagtail' |
|
Motacilla cinerea |
Grey wagtail | Burung Kedidi Kepala Kelabu 'grey-headed bobber (bird)' (see sandpipers) (26) Burung Pipit Batu 'rock pipit bird' (pipit, see sparrows) (24) Burung Kedidi Batu 'rock bobber (bird)' (see sandpipers) (27) |
Burung Kicuit Batu 'rock wagtail (bird)' (onomat.) |
นกเด้าลมหลังเทา nók dâw-lom lăŋ-tʰaw 'grey-backed wind-bobber (bird)' |
Chim Chìa vôi núi 'mountain wagtail (bird)' (12, 13, 34) |
灰鹡鸰 (灰鶺鴒) 'grey wagtail' Taiwan: (灰鹡鸰) 灰鶺鴒 'grey wagtail' |
キセキレイ (黄鶺鴒) ki sekirei 'yellow wagtail' |
|
Motacilla citreola |
Citrine wagtail Yellow-headed wagtail |
Burung Kedidi Kepala Kuning 'yellow-headed bobber (bird)' (see sandpipers) (26, 27) |
นกเด้าลมหัวเหลือง nók dâw-lom hŭa-lĕuaŋ 'yellow-headed wind-bobber (bird)' |
Chim Chìa vôi đầu vàng 'yellow-headed wagtail (bird)' (12, 13) |
黄头鹡鸰 (黃頭鶺鴒) 'yellow-headed wagtail' Taiwan: (黄头鹡鸰) 黃頭鶺鴒 'yellow-headed wagtail' |
キガシラセキレイ (黄頭鶺鴒) ki-gashira sekirei 'yellow-headed wagtail' |
||
Motacilla alba |
White wagtail Pied wagtail |
Burung Kedidi Hitam-Putih 'white [&] black bobber (bird)' (see sandpipers) (26, 27) Burung Pipit Pelanduk 'chevrotain sparrow (bird)' (pipit, see sparrows) (24) |
นกอุ้มบาตร nók ûm-bàat 'alms-bowl-holder bird' Taxonomy |
Chim Chìa vôi trắng 'white wagtail (bird)' (12, 13, 34) |
白鹡鸰 (白鶺鴒) 'white wagtail' Taxonomy Taiwan: (白鹡鸰) 白鶺鴒 'white wagtail' |
ハクセキレイ (白鶺鴒) haku-sekirei 'white wagtail' Taxonomy |
Small birds which bob their rear ends up and down while walking are popularly called นกเด้า nók dâw 'bobber (bird)'. Formerly, the name also occurred with an old wildlife prefix as กระเด้า krà-dâw. With the advent of modern scientific nomenclature, almost all of these species ended up in the Motacillidae, where นกเด้าลม nók dâw-lom 'air-bobber-(bird)' are wagtails and นกเด้าดิน nók dâw-din 'earth-bobber-(bird)' are pipits. The latter name is also applied to Common Sandpiper (Scolopacidae).
The name of the pipits in Japanese, タヒバリ ta-hibari, literally means 'field-lark'. When written in Chinese characters it is traditionally written as 田雲雀 or as 田鷚. The first character, 田, is the character for タ ta 'field'. This is followed by 雲雀, literally 'cloud sparrow', or 鷚, which are alternative ways of writing ヒバリ hibari 'lark'. However, in Chinese, 鷚 (pronounced liù or in Taiwan liào) itself is understood to mean 'pipit'.
Motacilla alba lugens is sometimes considered a separate species. In Japanese, Motacilla lugens is known as:
タイリクハクセキレイ
(大陸白鶺鴒)
tairiku haku-sekirei
'continental white wagtail'
ビンズイ binzui is an onomatopoeic name based on the bird's call, which sounds like ビンビン ツイツイ bin-bin tsui tsui in Japanese. This is arbitrarily written 便追, chosen for its sound (binzui) rather than its meaning (roughly 'convenient pursue' or 'mail pursue'). The alternative form 木鷚 'tree lark' is based on the species' (original) Chinese name.
Motacilla alba lugens is sometimes considered a separate species. In Chinese, Motacilla lugens is known as:
黑背白鹡鸰
hēi-bèi bái jílíng
'black-backed white wagtail' (2, 4)
黑背鹡鸰
'black-backed wagtail' (3)
The Thai list divides Motacilla alba into a range of separate species. They are:
Motacilla baicalensis:
นกอุ้มบาตรหน้าขาวหลังเทา
nók ûm-bàat nâa-kʰăaw lăŋ-tʰaw
'grey-backed white-faced alms-bowl-holder bird' (22, 23)
Motacilla ocularis:
นกอุ้มบาตรแถบตาดำ
nók ûm-bàat tʰàeep-taa-dam
'black-eyebanded alms-bowl-holder bird' (22, 23)
Motacilla lugens:
นกอุ้มบาตรหลังดำ
nók ûm-bàat lăŋ-dam
'black-backed alms-bowl-holder bird' (22, 23)
Motacilla leucopsis:
นกอุ้มบาตรหน้าขาวหลังดำ
nók ûm-bàat nâa-kʰăaw lăŋ-dam
'black-backed white-faced alms-bowl-holder bird' (22, 23)
Motacilla alboides:
นกอุ้มบาตรหิมาลัย
nók ûm-bàat hì-maa-lay
'Himalayan alms-bowl-holder bird' (22, 23)
中国鸟类种和亚种分类名录大全(修订版) 郑作新 著 科学出版社 北京 2000年
A Complete Checklist of Species and Subspecies of the Chinese Birds (Revised Edition) by Cheng Tso-Hsin, Science Press, Beijing 2000
中国鸟类分类与分布名录 主编:郑光美 科学出版社 北京 2005年
A Checklist on the Classification and Distribution of the Birds of China Chief editor: Zheng Guangmei, Science Press, Beijing 2005
中国鸟类野外手册(中文版)约翰・马敬能、卡伦・菲利普斯,合作者:荷芬奇,翻译:卢和芬 湖南教育出版社 长沙 2000年
A Field Guide to the Birds of China (Chinese translation) by John MacKinnon, Karen Phillipps, in collaboration with He Fen-qi, translated by Lu Hefen, Hunan Jiaoyu Chubanshe (Hunan Educational Press) Changsha 2000
世界鸟类分类与分布名录 主编:郑光美 科学出版社 北京 2002年
A Checklist on the Classification and Distribution of the Birds of the World Chief editor: Zheng Guangmei, Science Press, Beijing 2002
世界鸟类名称(拉丁文、汉文、英文对照)第二版 郑作新等 科学出版社 北京 2002年
Birds of the World (Latin, Chinese and English Names) 2nd ed. by Cheng Tso-Hsin et al, Science Press, Beijing 2002
Danh Lục Chim Việt Nam (In lần thứ hai) (Checklist of the Birds of Vietnam) Võ Quý, Nguyễn Cử, Nhà Xuất Bản Nông Nghiệp, Hà Nội 1999
Chim Việt Nam Nguyễn Cử, Lê Trọng Trải, Karen Phillipps; Nhà Xuất Bản Lao Động - Xã Hội, 2000
Senarai Nama-nama Burung Semenanjung Malaysia dan Asia Tenggara by Ismail, Abdul Rahman, Perhilitan (Jabatam Perlindungan Hidupan Liar dan Taman Negara, Semenanjung Malaysia), Kuala Lumpur 1981
List of the Names of Birds of Peninsular Malaysia and Southeast Asia by Ismail, Abdul Rahman, Department of Wildlife and National Parks, Peninsular Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 1981
Previously online version of: Senarai Nama-nama Burung Semenanjung Malaysia dan Asia Tenggara by Ismail, Abdul Rahman, Perhilitan (Jabatam Perlindungan Hidupan Liar dan Taman Negara, Semenanjung Malaysia), Kuala Lumpur 1981
List of the Names of Birds of Peninsular Malaysia and Southeast Asia by Ismail, Abdul Rahman, Department of Wildlife and National Parks, Peninsular Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 1981
The Birds of the Thai-Malay Peninsula: Vol. 1 - Non-passerines by Wells, David R., Academic Press, London 1999
A Field Guide to the Birds of West Malaysia and Singapore by Jeyarajasingam, Allen and Alan Pearson, Oxford University Press, Oxford 1999
The Birds of the Thai-Malay Peninsula: Vol. 2 - Passerines by Wells, David R., Christopher Helm, A&C Black, London 2007
A Field Guide to the Birds of Peninsular Malaysia and Singapore (second edition) by Jeyarajasingham, Allen, Illustrations by Alan Pearson, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2012
A Field Guide to the Birds of Java and Bali (second edition) by MacKinnon, John, Gadjah Mada University Press, Yogyakarta 1990
Danh Lục Các Loài Chim ở Việt Nam (Latinh, Việt, Pháp, Hán) Trần Văn Chánh 2008-2009