General
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The names for the Motacillidae are based on เด้า dâw, which describes a repetitive up and down motion. Small birds which bob their rear ends up and down while walking are popularly called นกเด้า nók dâw 'bobber (bird)'. Formerly, the name also occurred with an old wildlife prefix as กระเด้า krà-dâw. Although they popularly include many small shorebirds (Scolopacidae), Thai ornithological specialisation has restricted almost all "bobber-bird" names to the Motacillidae:
1. นกเด้าลม nók dâw-lom 'wind-bobber (bird)' is used for Dendronanthus and Motacilla and is generally equated to English 'wagtail'.
2. นกเด้าดิน nók dâw-din 'earth-bobber (bird)' is used for Anthus and is generally equated to English 'pipit'.
However, the popular identification of the name นกเด้าดิน nók dâw-din 'earth-bobber (bird)' with the very familiar Common Sandpiper (Scolopacidae) was so strong that the popular name for this species was exceptionally preserved in ornithological usage. The unmodified name was reserved for this sandpiper, and the names for pipit species were distinguished by adding descriptors.
Originally, popular use of เด้า dâw 'bobber' in Thai bird naming was analogous to the popular use of kedidi 'bobber' in Malay. While ornithological Malaysian has retained kedidi for wagtail names (although not for pipits), both Malaysian and Indonesian ornithological sources more usually use kedidi as a general name for small shorebirds in the Scolopacidae, where it is often loosely translated into English as 'sandpiper'.
The exception to the above naming is the White Wagtail (Motacilla alba), which has been given the distinctive name of นกอุ้มบาตร nók ûm-bàat 'alms-bowl-holder bird'.
Species names
SCIENTIFIC & WESTERN |
THAI |
OTHER S. E. ASIAN |
EAST ASIAN |
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Dendronanthus | ||||||||
Latin |
English |
Thai |
Other Th |
Malaysian |
Indonesian |
Vietnamese |
Chinese |
Japanese |
Dendronanthus indicus |
Forest wagtail | นกเด้าลมดง nók dâw-lom doŋ 'jungle wind-bobber (bird)' |
Burung Kedidi Hutan 'forest bobber (bird)' (see sandpipers) (26, 27) Burung Pipit Rimba 'jungle sparrow (bird)' (pipit, see sparrows) (24) |
Burung Kicuit Hutan 'forest wagtail (bird)' (onomat.) |
Chim Chìa vôi rừng 'forest wagtail (bird)' (12, 13, 34) |
山鹡鸰 (山鶺鴒) 'mountain wagtail' or 林鹡鸰 (林鶺鴒) 'forest wagtail' (alt in 1) Taiwan: (山鹡鸰) 山鶺鴒 'mountain wagtail' |
イワミセキレイ (石見鶺鴒) iwami sekirei 'Iwami wagtail' |
|
Anthus | ||||||||
Latin |
English |
Thai |
Other Th |
Malaysian |
Indonesian |
Vietnamese |
Chinese |
Japanese |
Anthus hodgsoni |
Olive-backed pipit Indian tree pipit East Asian tree pipit |
นกเด้าดินสวน nók dâw-din sŭan 'garden earth-bobber (bird)' |
Burung Ciak Pokok 'tree sparrow (bird)' (ciak, see sparrows) (26, 27) Burung Pipit Padang 'field sparrow (bird)' (pipit, see sparrows) (24) |
Chim Manh Vân Nam 'Yunnanese pipit (bird)' (12, 13, 34) |
树鹨 (樹鷚) 'tree pipit' Taiwan: (树鹨) 樹鷚 or 'tree pipit' |
ビンズイ (便追 ~ 木鷚) binzui 'binzui' |
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Anthus cervinus |
Red-throated pipit | นกเด้าดินอกแดง nók dâw-din òk-daeeŋ 'red-breasted earth-bobber (bird)' |
Burung Ciak Leher Merah 'red-necked sparrow (bird)' (ciak, see sparrows) (26, 27) Burung Pipit Injup 'injup sparrow bird' (pipit, see sparrows) (24) |
Burung Apung Kijang 'deer floater (bird)' |
Chim Manh họng đỏ 'red-throated pipit (bird)' (12, 13, 34) |
红喉鹨 (紅喉鷚) 'red-throated pipit' Taiwan: (赤喉鹨) 赤喉鷚 or 'red-throated pipit' |
ムネアカタヒバリ (胸赤田雲雀 ~ 胸赤田鷚) mune-aka ta-hibari 'red-breasted field-lark' |
|
Anthus roseatus |
Rosy pipit Hodgson's pipit Roseate pipit Hodgson's rosy pipit |
นกเด้าดินอกสีชมพู nók dâw-din òk-sĭi-cʰom-pʰuu 'pink-breasted earth-bobber (bird)' |
Chim Manh hồng 'rosy pipit (bird)' (12) |
粉红胸鹨 (粉紅胸鷚) 'pink-breasted pipit' |
チョウセンタヒバリ (朝鮮田雲雀 ~ 朝鮮田鷚) chōsen ta-hibari 'Korean field-lark' |
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Anthus rubescens |
American Pipit or Buff-bellied Pipit |
นกเด้าดินพันธุ์ไซบีเรีย nók dâw-din pʰan say-bii-ria 'Siberian species earth-bobber (bird)' |
Chim Manh bụng vàng 'yellow-bellied pipit (bird)' (34) Chim Manh lưng xám 'grey-backed pipit (bird)' (13) |
黄腹鹨 (黃腹鷚) 'yellow-bellied pipit' (2, 3, 4) Taiwan: (黄腹鹨) 黃腹鷚 or 'yellow-bellied pipit' |
アメリカタヒバリ (アメリカ田雲雀 ~ アメリカ田鷚) amerika ta-hibari 'American field-lark' (Wikipedia) |
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Anthus richardi |
Richard's pipit |
นกเด้าดินทุ่งใหญ่ nók dâw-din tʰûŋ yày 'large field earth-bobber (bird)' |
นกเด้าดินทุ่ง nók dâw-din tʰûŋ 'field earth-bobber (bird)' (21) |
Burung Ciak Padang 'field sparrow (bird)' (ciak, see sparrows) (26) (Conflicts with A. rufulus) Burung Ciak Besar 'ground sparrow (bird)' (ciak, see sparrows) (27) Burung Pipit Tanah 'ground sparrow (bird)' (pipit, see sparrows) (24) |
Anthus novaeseelandiae: Burung Apung Tanah 'ground floater (bird)' |
Anthus novaeseelandiae (12): Chim Manh lớn 'large pipit (bird)' (12, 13) |
田鹨 (田鷚) 'field pipit' (alt in 1, 2, 4, 5) 理氏鹨 (理氏鷚) 'Mr Li's pipit' (3) Taxonomy Taiwan: (大花鹨) 大花鷚 or 'large flowery pipit' |
マミジロタヒバリ (眉白田雲雀 ~ 田鷚) mami-jiro ta-hibari 'white-eyebrowed field-lark' |
Latin |
English |
Thai |
Other Th |
Malaysian |
Indonesian |
Vietnamese |
Chinese |
Japanese |
Anthus rufulus | Paddyfield pipit East Asian pipit |
นกเด้าดินทุ่งเล็ก nók dâw-din tʰûŋ lék 'small earth-bobber (bird)' |
นกเด้าดินทุ่งหญ้า nók dâw-din tʰûŋ-yâa 'grass-field earth-bobber (bird)' (21) |
Burung Ciak Padang 'field sparrow (bird)' (ciak, see sparrows) (27 (Conflicts with nominate race) |
Chim Manh Miến Điện 'Burmese pipit (bird)' (34) |
东方田鹨 (東方田鷚) 'East Asian field pipit' (2, 4) 田鹨 (田鷚) 'field pipit' (3) |
ヒメマミジロタヒバリ (姫眉白田雲雀 ~ 姫眉白田鷚) hime mami-jiro ta-hibari 'princess white-eyebrowed field-lark' (Wikipedia) |
|
Anthus godlewskii |
Blyth's pipit Godlewsky's Pipit |
นกเด้าดินทุ่งพันธุ์รัสเซ๊ย nók dâw-din tʰûŋ pʰan rát-sia 'Russian species earth-bobber (bird)' |
นกเด้าดินนิ้วสั้น nók dâw-din níw-sân 'short-toed earth-bobber (bird)' (21) นกเด้าดินพันธุ์จีน nók dâw-din pʰan-ciin 'Chinese species earth-bobber (bird)' (alt in 21) |
布氏鹨 (布氏鷚) 'Mr Bu's pipit' (2, 4) 布莱氏鹨 (布萊氏鷚) 'Mr Bulai's pipit' (1, 3, 5) Taiwan: (布莱氏鹨) 布萊氏鷚 'Mr Bulai's pipit' |
コマミジロタヒバリ (小眉白田雲雀 ~ 小眉白田鷚) ko mami-jiro ta-hibari 'small white-eyebrowed field-lark' |
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Motacilla | ||||||||
Latin |
English |
Thai |
Other Th |
Malaysian |
Indonesian |
Vietnamese |
Chinese |
Japanese |
Motacilla flava |
Yellow Wagtail Western Yellow Wagtail |
นกเด้าลมเหลือง nók dâw-lom lĕuaŋ 'yellow wind-bobber (bird)' |
Burung Kedidi Kuning 'yellow bobber (bird)' (see sandpipers) (26, 27) Burung Pipit Kuning 'yellow sparrow (bird)' (pipit, see sparrows) (24) |
Burung Kicuit Kerbau 'buffalo wagtail (bird)' (onomat.) |
Chim Chìa vôi vàng 'yellow wagtail (bird)' (12, 13, 34) |
黄鹡鸰 (黃鶺鴒) 'yellow wagtail' Taiwan: (黄鹡鸰) 黃鶺鴒 'yellow wagtail' |
ツメナガセキレイ (爪長鶺鴒) tsume-naga sekirei 'long-clawed wagtail' |
|
Motacilla cinerea |
Grey wagtail | นกเด้าลมหลังเทา nók dâw-lom lăŋ-tʰaw 'grey-backed wind-bobber (bird)' |
Burung Kedidi Kepala Kelabu 'grey-headed bobber (bird)' (see sandpipers) (26) Burung Pipit Batu 'rock pipit bird' (pipit, see sparrows) (24) Burung Kedidi Batu 'rock bobber (bird)' (see sandpipers) (27) |
Burung Kicuit Batu 'rock wagtail (bird)' (onomat.) |
Chim Chìa vôi núi 'mountain wagtail (bird)' (12, 13, 34) |
灰鹡鸰 (灰鶺鴒) 'grey wagtail' Taiwan: (灰鹡鸰) 灰鶺鴒 'grey wagtail' |
キセキレイ (黄鶺鴒) ki sekirei 'yellow wagtail' |
|
Motacilla citreola |
Citrine wagtail Yellow-headed wagtail |
นกเด้าลมหัวเหลือง nók dâw-lom hŭa-lĕuaŋ 'yellow-headed wind-bobber (bird)' |
Burung Kedidi Kepala Kuning 'yellow-headed bobber (bird)' (see sandpipers) (26, 27) |
Chim Chìa vôi đầu vàng 'yellow-headed wagtail (bird)' (12, 13) |
黄头鹡鸰 (黃頭鶺鴒) 'yellow-headed wagtail' Taiwan: (黄头鹡鸰) 黃頭鶺鴒 'yellow-headed wagtail' |
キガシラセキレイ (黄頭鶺鴒) ki-gashira sekirei 'yellow-headed wagtail' |
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Motacilla samveasnae | Mekong Wagtail | นกเด้าลมแม่น้ำโขง nók dâw-lom mâee-náam kʰŏoŋ 'Mekong River wind-bobber (bird)' |
湄公鹡鸰 (湄公鶺鴒) 'Mekong wagtail' |
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Motacilla alba |
White wagtail Pied wagtail |
นกอุ้มบาตร nók ûm-bàat 'alms-bowl-holder bird' Taxonomy |
Burung Kedidi Hitam-Putih 'white [&] black bobber (bird)' (see sandpipers) (26, 27) Burung Pipit Pelanduk 'chevrotain sparrow (bird)' (pipit, see sparrows) (24) |
Chim Chìa vôi trắng 'white wagtail (bird)' (12, 13, 34) |
白鹡鸰 (白鶺鴒) 'white wagtail' Taxonomy Taiwan: (白鹡鸰) 白鶺鴒 'white wagtail' |
ハクセキレイ (白鶺鴒) haku-sekirei 'white wagtail' Taxonomy |
Small birds which bob their rear ends up and down while walking are popularly called นกเด้า nók dâw 'bobber (bird)'. Formerly, the name also occurred with an old wildlife prefix as กระเด้า krà-dâw. With the advent of modern scientific nomenclature, almost all of these species ended up in the Motacillidae, where นกเด้าลม nók dâw-lom 'air-bobber-(bird)' are wagtails and นกเด้าดิน nók dâw-din 'earth-bobber-(bird)' are pipits. The latter name is also applied to Common Sandpiper (Scolopacidae).
The name of the pipits in Japanese, タヒバリ ta-hibari, literally means 'field-lark'. When written in Chinese characters it is traditionally written as 田雲雀 or as 田鷚. The first character, 田, is the character for タ ta 'field'. This is followed by 雲雀, literally 'cloud sparrow', or 鷚, which are alternative ways of writing ヒバリ hibari 'lark'. However, in Chinese, 鷚 (pronounced liù or in Taiwan liào) itself is understood to mean 'pipit'.
ビンズイ binzui is an onomatopoeic name based on the bird's call, which sounds like ビンビン ツイツイ bin-bin tsui tsui in Japanese. This is arbitrarily written 便追, chosen for its sound (binzui) rather than its meaning (roughly 'convenient pursue' or 'mail pursue'). The alternative form 木鷚 'tree lark' is based on the species' (original) Chinese name.
Motacilla alba lugens is sometimes considered a separate species. In Chinese, Motacilla lugens is known as:
黑背白鹡鸰
hēi-bèi bái jílíng
'black-backed white wagtail' (2, 4)
黑背鹡鸰
'black-backed wagtail' (3)
The Thai list divides Motacilla alba into a range of separate species. They are:
Motacilla baicalensis:
นกอุ้มบาตรหน้าขาวหลังเทา
nók ûm-bàat nâa-kʰăaw lăŋ-tʰaw
'grey-backed white-faced alms-bowl-holder bird' (22, 23)
Motacilla ocularis:
นกอุ้มบาตรแถบตาดำ
nók ûm-bàat tʰàeep-taa-dam
'black-eyebanded alms-bowl-holder bird' (22, 23)
Motacilla lugens:
นกอุ้มบาตรหลังดำ
nók ûm-bàat lăŋ-dam
'black-backed alms-bowl-holder bird' (22, 23)
Motacilla leucopsis:
นกอุ้มบาตรหน้าขาวหลังดำ
nók ûm-bàat nâa-kʰăaw lăŋ-dam
'black-backed white-faced alms-bowl-holder bird' (22, 23)
Motacilla alboides:
นกอุ้มบาตรหิมาลัย
nók ûm-bàat hì-maa-lay
'Himalayan alms-bowl-holder bird' (22, 23)
中国鸟类种和亚种分类名录大全(修订版) 郑作新 著 科学出版社 北京 2000年
A Complete Checklist of Species and Subspecies of the Chinese Birds (Revised Edition) by Cheng Tso-Hsin, Science Press, Beijing 2000
中国鸟类分类与分布名录 主编:郑光美 科学出版社 北京 2005年
A Checklist on the Classification and Distribution of the Birds of China Chief editor: Zheng Guangmei, Science Press, Beijing 2005
中国鸟类野外手册(中文版)约翰・马敬能、卡伦・菲利普斯,合作者:荷芬奇,翻译:卢和芬 湖南教育出版社 长沙 2000年
A Field Guide to the Birds of China (Chinese translation) by John MacKinnon, Karen Phillipps, in collaboration with He Fen-qi, translated by Lu Hefen, Hunan Jiaoyu Chubanshe (Hunan Educational Press) Changsha 2000
世界鸟类分类与分布名录 主编:郑光美 科学出版社 北京 2002年
A Checklist on the Classification and Distribution of the Birds of the World Chief editor: Zheng Guangmei, Science Press, Beijing 2002
世界鸟类名称(拉丁文、汉文、英文对照)第二版 郑作新等 科学出版社 北京 2002年
Birds of the World (Latin, Chinese and English Names) 2nd ed. by Cheng Tso-Hsin et al, Science Press, Beijing 2002
Danh Lục Chim Việt Nam (In lần thứ hai) (Checklist of the Birds of Vietnam) Võ Quý, Nguyễn Cử, Nhà Xuất Bản Nông Nghiệp, Hà Nội 1999
Chim Việt Nam Nguyễn Cử, Lê Trọng Trải, Karen Phillipps; Nhà Xuất Bản Lao Động - Xã Hội, 2000
นกในเมืองไทย รศ. โอภาส ขอบเขตต (Birds in Thailand, Assoc. Prof. Obhas Khobkhet), in 5 volumes, Sarakadee Press, Bangkok, 1998-2001
นกเมืองไทย (Birds [of] Thailand) by จารุจินต์ นภีตะภัฏ, กานต์ เลขะกุล, วัชระ สงวนสมบติ (Jarujin Nabhitabata, Karn Lekagul, Wachara Sanguansombat), คณะบุคคล นายแพทย์ บุญส่ง เลขะกุล (Dr Boonsong Lekagul Group), Bangkok 2007
นกเมืองไทย (Birds [of] Thailand) by จารุจินต์ นภีตะภัฏ, กานต์ เลขะกุล, วัชระ สงวนสมบติ (Jarujin Nabhitabata, Karn Lekagul, Wachara Sanguansombat), คณะบุคคล นายแพทย์ บุญส่ง เลขะกุล (Dr Boonsong Lekagul Group), Bangkok 2012
Senarai Nama-nama Burung Semenanjung Malaysia dan Asia Tenggara by Ismail, Abdul Rahman, Perhilitan (Jabatam Perlindungan Hidupan Liar dan Taman Negara, Semenanjung Malaysia), Kuala Lumpur 1981
(List of the Names of Birds of Peninsular Malaysia and Southeast Asia by Ismail, Abdul Rahman, Department of Wildlife and National Parks, Peninsular Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 1981)
A Field Guide to the Birds of West Malaysia and Singapore by Jeyarajasingam, Allen and Alan Pearson, Oxford University Press, Oxford 1999
The Birds of the Thai-Malay Peninsula: Vol. 2 - Passerines by Wells, David R., Christopher Helm, A&C Black, London 2007
Danh Lục Các Loài Chim ở Việt Nam (Latinh, Việt, Pháp, Hán) Trần Văn Chánh 2008-2009