General
Information is from dictionaries and other sources. Species list may not be current. Korean glosses are tentative. Comments and corrections welcome. Hover over Green Lettering Green lettering at this site hides a tool tip with glosses, further explanations, etc. Hover cursor to reveal. to see additional information.
In addition to separate names for the wagtails and the pipits, Japanese ornithological naming also features a distinctive name for the Olive-backed Pipit (Anthus hodgsoni):
1. The wagtails are known as セキレイ sekirei, written 鶺鴒 in Chinese characters. This is a direct borrowing from Chinese.
2. The pipits are known as タヒバリ ta-hibari or 'field larks' (written 田雲雀 'field' + 'cloud' + 'sparrow' or 田鷚 'field' + 'lark'). The name is based on the visual resemblance of the pipits to larks. The written forms 雲雀 and 鷚 are both used to represent the word ヒバリ hibari 'lark', based on traditional Chinese names for the larks. Unqualified, the term タヒバリ ta-hibari in Japanese refers to the Water Pipit (Anthus spinoletta).
The Japanese name 田鷚 ta-hibari influenced adoption of 鷚 in ornithological Chinese as a narrow name for the pipits, to the exclusion of its earlier meaning to refer to the larks.
3. The East Asian or Olive-backed Tree Pipit Anthus hodgsoni is known as ビンズイ binzui. This is an onomatopoeic name based on the bird's call, which sounds like ビンビン ツイツイ bin-bin tsui tsui in Japanese. There are two ways to write this name in Chinese characters. One is 便追, which was chosen for its sound (binzui) rather than its meaning (roughly 'convenient pursue' or 'mail pursue'). The other is 木鷚 'tree lark', possibly based on a Chinese name.
The wagtails have a number of alternative names in Japanese, several of which suggest a matchmaking function:
イシタタキ ishi-tataki ('stone tapper') 石叩き
ニワタタキ niwa-tataki ('garden tapper') 庭叩き
トツギオシエドリ totsugi-oshie-dori ('marriage-disclosing-bird') 嫁ぎ教え鳥
コイオシエドリ koi-oshie-dori ('love-disclosing bird') 恋教え鳥
イモセドリ imo-se-dori ('man and wife bird') 妹背鳥 (also used for Cuculus poliocephalus or Small cuckoo)
Species names
SCIENTIFIC & WESTERN |
JAPANESE |
CHINESE |
KOREAN |
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Dendronanthus | |||||||
Latin |
Eng, Fr, Ger, Ru |
Japanese |
Other J |
Chinese |
Chinese (Taiwan) |
Other Ch |
Korean |
Dendronanthus indicus |
Forest wagtail Bergeronnette de forêt Baumstelze Древесная трясогузка |
イワミセキレイ (石見鶺鴒) iwami sekirei 'Iwami wagtail' |
山鹡鸰 (山鶺鴒) 'mountain wagtail' or 林鹡鸰 (林鶺鴒) 'forest wagtail' (alt in 1) |
(山鹡鸰) 山鶺鴒 'mountain wagtail' |
树鹡鸰 (樹鶺鴒) 'tree wagtail' 刮刮油 (刮刮油) '(literally) skim off oil = accept bribes, etc.' 山鹡鸰 (山鶺鴒) 'mountain wagtail' (35, from Zool. Nomen.) 栖树鹡鸰 (棲樹鶺鴒) 'tree-perching wagtail' (early ornithological) (35) |
물레새 mul-le-sae 'water le bird' |
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Anthus | |||||||
Latin |
Eng, Fr, Ger, Ru |
Japanese |
Other J |
Chinese |
Chinese (Taiwan) |
Other Ch |
Korean |
Anthus trivialis |
Tree pipit Pipit des arbres Baumpieper Лесной конек |
ヨーロッパビンズイ (ヨーロッパ便追 ~ ヨーロッパ木鷚) yōroppa binzui 'European binzui' |
林鹨 (林鷚) 'forest pipit' |
나무밭종다리 namu-bat-jongdari 'tree field-skylark' or 모래색밭종다리 morae-saek-bat-jongdari 'sand-coloured field-skylark' |
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Anthus hodgsoni |
Olive-backed pipit Indian tree pipit East Asian tree pipit Pipit à dos olive Waldpieper Зеленый конек |
ビンズイ (便追 ~ 木鷚) binzui 'binzui' |
キヒバリ (木雲雀) ki-hibari 'tree lark' |
树鹨 (樹鷚) 'tree pipit' |
(树鹨) 樹鷚 or 'tree pipit' |
木鹨 (木鷚) 'tree pipit' 麦鹨子 (麥鷚子) 'grain pipit' 麦如蓝儿 / 麦如兰儿 (麥如藍兒 / 麥如蘭兒) 'mairulanr' (meaning of characters is 'grain like blue' or 'grain like orchid') 树鲁鴓 (樹魯鴓) 'tree Shandong (?) warbler' 大鹨 (大鷚) 'large pipit' (also used for lark) |
힝둥새 hingdung-sae 'hingdung bird' |
Anthus cervinus |
Red-throated pipit Pipit à gorge rousse Rotkehlpieper Краснозобый конек |
ムネアカタヒバリ (胸赤田雲雀 ~ 胸赤田鷚) mune-aka ta-hibari 'red-breasted field-lark' |
红喉鹨 (紅喉鷚) 'red-throated pipit' |
(赤喉鹨) 赤喉鷚 or 'red-throated pipit' |
赤喉鹨 (赤喉鷚) 'red-throated pipit' (early ornithological) (35) |
붉은가슴밭종다리 bulgeun-gaseum-bat-jongdari 'red-breasted field-skylark' |
|
Anthus spinoletta |
Water pipit Rock pipit Pipit spioncelle Bergpieper Горный конек |
タヒバリ (田雲雀 ~ 田鷚) ta-hibari 'field-lark' |
水鹨 (水鷚) 'water pipit' |
(水鹨) 水鷚 or 'water pipit' |
(冰雞兒) 冰鸡儿 'frozen fowl/chicken' (31) Anthus spinoletta japonicus: 田鹨 (田鷚) 'field pipit' (35, from Zool. Nomen.) 淡色腿水鹨 (淡色腿鷚) 'light-coloured leg water-pipit' (early ornithological) (35) 日本水鹨 (日本水鷚) 'Japanese water pipit' (early ornithological) (35) Anthus spinoletta blakestoni: 小水鹨 (小水鷚) 'small water pipit' (early ornithological) (35) |
옅은밭종다리 yeoteun-bat-jongdari 'pale field-skylark' |
|
Anthus richardi |
Richard's pipit Pipit de Richard Spornpieper Конек степной |
マミジロタヒバリ (眉白田雲雀 ~ 田鷚) mami-jiro ta-hibari 'white-eyebrowed field-lark' |
田鹨 (田鷚) 'field pipit' (alt in 1, 2, 4, 5) 理氏鹨 (理氏鷚) 'Mr Li's pipit' (3) Taxonomy |
(大花鹨) 大花鷚 or 'large flowery pipit' |
큰밭종다리 keun-bat-jongdari 'large field-skylark' |
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Latin |
Eng, Fr, Ger, Ru |
Japanese |
Other J |
Chinese |
Chinese (Taiwan) |
Other Ch |
Korean |
Anthus godlewskii |
Blyth's pipit Pipit de Godlewski Steppenpieper Забайкальский конек |
コマミジロタヒバリ (小眉白田雲雀 ~ 小眉白田鷚) ko mami-jiro ta-hibari 'small white-eyebrowed field-lark' |
布氏鹨 (布氏鷚) 'Mr Bu's pipit' (2, 4) 布莱氏鹨 (布萊氏鷚) 'Mr Bulai's pipit' (1, 3, 5) |
(布莱氏鹨) 布萊氏鷚 or 'Mr Bulai's pipit' |
平原鹨 (平原鷚) 'plains pipit' (7) Conflicts with A. campestris ) |
쇠밭종다리 soe-bat-jongdari 'small field-skylark' |
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Motacilla | |||||||
Latin |
Eng, Fr, Ger, Ru |
Japanese |
Other J |
Chinese |
Chinese (Taiwan) |
Other Ch |
Korean |
Motacilla flava |
Yellow Wagtail Western Yellow Wagtail Bergeronnette printanière Schafstelze Желтая трясогузка |
ツメナガセキレイ (爪長鶺鴒) tsume-naga sekirei 'long-clawed wagtail' |
西黄鹡鸰 (西黃鶺鴒) 'western yellow wagtail' (36) |
(西方黃鹡鸰) 西方黃鶺鴒 'western yellow wagtail' |
黄马兰花 (黃馬蘭花) 'yellow malan flower' (malan = medicinal herb) (northern) (35) 黄旦旦 (黄旦旦) 'yellow dandan' 黄颤儿 (黃顫兒) 'yellow tremble / shiver' 灰颤儿 (灰顫兒) 'grey tremble / shiver' (northern) (35) |
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Motacilla cinerea |
Grey wagtail Bergeronnette des ruisseaux Gebirgsstelze Горная трясогузка |
キセキレイ (黄鶺鴒) ki sekirei 'yellow wagtail' |
灰鹡鸰 (灰鶺鴒) 'grey wagtail' |
(灰鹡鸰) 灰鶺鴒 'grey wagtail' |
黄腹灰鹡鸰 (黃腹灰鶺鴒) 'yellow-bellied grey wagtail' 黄零 (黃零) 'yellow zero (ling)' (零 probably alternative writing of 鸰|鴒 líng) |
노랑할미새 norang-halmi-sae 'yellow wagtail' |
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Motacilla citreola |
Citrine wagtail Yellow-headed wagtail Bergeronnette citrine Zitronenstelze Желтоголовая трясогузка |
キガシラセキレイ (黄頭鶺鴒) ki-gashira sekirei 'yellow-headed wagtail' |
黄头鹡鸰 (黃頭鶺鴒) 'yellow-headed wagtail' |
(黄头鹡鸰) 黃頭鶺鴒 'yellow-headed wagtail' |
Budytes citreolus citreolus: 金香炉 (金香爐) 'gold incense burner' (general name) (35) 黄头鹡鸰 (黃頭鶺鴒) 'yellow-headed wagtail' (early ornithological) (35) |
노랑머리할미새 norang-meori-halmi-sae 'yellow-headed wagtail' |
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Motacilla grandis |
Japanese pied wagtail Japanese wagtail Bergeronnette du Japon Japanstelze Японская трясогузка |
セグロセキレイ (背黒鶺鴒) se-guro sekirei 'black-backed wagtail' |
日本鹡鸰 (日本鶺鴒) 'Japanese wagtail' |
(日本鹡鸰) 日本鶺鴒 'Japanese wagtail' |
日本大花鹡鸰 (日本大花鶺鴒) 'Japanese large flowery wagtail' (early ornithological) (35) |
검은등할미새 geomeun-deung-halmi-sae 'black-backed wagtail' |
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Motacilla alba |
White wagtail Pied wagtail Bergeronnette grise Bachstelze Белая трясогузка |
ハクセキレイ (白鶺鴒) haku-sekirei 'white wagtail' Taxonomy |
白鹡鸰 (白鶺鴒) 'white wagtail' Taxonomy |
(白鹡鸰) 白鶺鴒 'white wagtail' |
白脸鹡鸰 (白臉鶺鴒) 'white-faced wagtail' (early ornithological) (35) 白颊鹡鸰 (白頰鶺鴒) 'white-cheeked wagtail' (early ornithological) (35) 点水雀 (點水雀) 'sip-water finch/sparrow' 白颤儿 (白顫兒) 'white tremble / shiver' (northern) (35) 濒鸰 (瀕鴒) 'close to water wagtail (líng is second character in jílíng)' (31) 白面鸟 (白面鳥) 'white-fac ed bird' 马兰花 (馬蘭花) malan flower' (malan = medicinal herb) (northern) (35) 白马兰花 (白馬蘭花) 'white malan flower' (malan = medicinal herb) Motacilla alba lugens: 白鸰 (白鴒) 'white wagtail (líng is second character in jílíng)' (35, from Zool. Nomen.) |
알락할미새 allak-halmi-sae 'pied wagtail' |
The name of the pipits in Japanese, タヒバリ ta-hibari, literally means 'field-lark'. When written in Chinese characters it is traditionally written as 田雲雀 or as 田鷚. The first character, 田, is the character for タ ta 'field'. This is followed by 雲雀, literally 'cloud sparrow', or 鷚, which are alternative ways of writing ヒバリ hibari 'lark'. However, in Chinese, 鷚 (pronounced liù or in Taiwan liào) itself is understood to mean 'pipit'.
Motacilla alba lugens is sometimes considered a separate species. In Japanese, Motacilla lugens is known as:
タイリクハクセキレイ
(大陸白鶺鴒)
tairiku haku-sekirei
'continental white wagtail'
ビンズイ binzui is an onomatopoeic name based on the bird's call, which sounds like ビンビン ツイツイ bin-bin tsui tsui in Japanese. This is arbitrarily written 便追, chosen for its sound (binzui) rather than its meaning (roughly 'convenient pursue' or 'mail pursue'). The alternative form 木鷚 'tree lark' is based on the species' (original) Chinese name.
Motacilla alba lugens is sometimes considered a separate species. In Chinese, Motacilla lugens is known as:
黑背白鹡鸰
hēi-bèi bái jílíng
'black-backed white wagtail' (2, 4)
黑背鹡鸰
'black-backed wagtail' (3)
中国鸟类种和亚种分类名录大全(修订版) 郑作新 著 科学出版社 北京 2000年
A Complete Checklist of Species and Subspecies of the Chinese Birds (Revised Edition) by Cheng Tso-Hsin, Science Press, Beijing 2000
中国鸟类分类与分布名录 主编:郑光美 科学出版社 北京 2005年
A Checklist on the Classification and Distribution of the Birds of China Chief editor: Zheng Guangmei, Science Press, Beijing 2005
中国鸟类野外手册(中文版)约翰・马敬能、卡伦・菲利普斯,合作者:荷芬奇,翻译:卢和芬 湖南教育出版社 长沙 2000年
A Field Guide to the Birds of China (Chinese translation) by John MacKinnon, Karen Phillipps, in collaboration with He Fen-qi, translated by Lu Hefen, Hunan Jiaoyu Chubanshe (Hunan Educational Press) Changsha 2000
世界鸟类分类与分布名录 主编:郑光美 科学出版社 北京 2002年
A Checklist on the Classification and Distribution of the Birds of the World Chief editor: Zheng Guangmei, Science Press, Beijing 2002
世界鸟类名称(拉丁文、汉文、英文对照)第二版 郑作新等 科学出版社 北京 2002年
Birds of the World (Latin, Chinese and English Names) 2nd ed. by Cheng Tso-Hsin et al, Science Press, Beijing 2002
香港及華南鳥類(第六版)(翻譯成中文及重新修訂) 尹璉、費嘉倫、林超英 香港性徵特區政府新聞處政府印務局 1994年
Birds of Hong Kong and South China (6th edition, translated into Chinese and newly revised) by Clive Viney, Karen Phillipps, Lin Chaoying, Hong Kong Govt. Press 1994
汉蒙名词术语分类词典(自然科学部分) Mongolian (Cyrillic): Хятад Монгол нэр томъёоны зүйл хуваасан толь (байгалийн шинжлэх ухааны бүлэг) (Chinese-Mongolian classified terminological dictionary, natural sciences part) by 《汉蒙名词术语分类词典》编纂委员会 Mongolian (Cyrillic): "Хятад Монгол нэр томъёоны зүйл хуваасан толь" найруулах комисс (Chinese-Mongolian classified terminological dictionary editorial committee), Inner Mongolian People's Press, Hohhot 1990
Chinese Birds (A Tentative List of Chinese Birds) 中國鳥類(中國鳥類目錄試編) N. Gist Gee, Lacy I. Moffett, G. D. Wilder (祁天錫, 慕維德, 萬卓志), Peiping, 1927 (reprinted 1948)
中国观鸟年报-中国鸟类名录 1.1 (The CBR Checklist of Birds of China v1.1)中国观鸟年报 (China Bird Review), 2010 ()