Bucerotidae
Họ Hồng hoàng

General

The following is based on analysis of dictionaries and other sources. Comments and corrections welcome. Malaysian names are now being updated. For consistency, Vietnamese bird names (except for ducks and chickens) are preceded by the word Chim meaning 'bird'. Ornithological lists mostly omit this as understood. Hover over Green Lettering Green lettering at this site hides a tool tip with glosses, further explanations, etc. Hover cursor to reveal. to see additional information.

Since they are a familiar bird to the Vietnamese, it's not surprising that there are three different names for the hornbills in ornithological lists: Hồng hoàng, Cao cát, and Niệc. Elsewhere, the name Chim Mỏ sừng 'horn-billed bird' can also be found. Of these four names, however, only Hồng hoàng, derived from the bird's cry, is found in everyday dictionaries.

Ornithological naming

Ornithologists' distribution of names among bucerotid genera is as follows:

Vietnamese name	Genera	Gloss
Cao cát	Anthracoceros	hornbill1
Hồng hoàng	Buceros	hornbill2
Niệc	Ptilolaemus, Berecornis, Aceros, Rhyticeros (previously mostly belonged to Aceros)	hornbill3

TVC (34) uses the name Chim Niệc nâu 'brown hornbill₃ bird' for both Ptilolaemus austeni and Aceros nipalensis.

Species names

SCIENTIFIC & WESTERN		VIETNAMESE		EAST ASIAN		S. E. ASIAN
Buceros
Latin	English/French	Vietnamese	Other V	Chinese	Japanese	Thai	Malaysian	Indonesian
Buceros bicornis	Great hornbill Great Indian hornbill Great pied hornbill Calao bicorne	Chim Hồng hoàng 'hornbill1 bird' (onomat.) (12, 13, 34)	Chim Phượng hoàng đất 'ground phoenix bird' (Also used for the Red-billed Blue Magpie Urocissa erythrorhyncha)	双角犀鸟 (雙角犀鳥) shuāng-jiǎo xī-niǎo 'double-horned rhinoceros-bird'	オオサイチョウ (大犀鳥) ō saichō 'large rhinoceros-bird'	นกกก nók kòk 'kòk bird' (onomat.) or นกกาฮัง nók kaa-haŋ 'kaa-haŋ bird' (onomat.)	Burung Enggang Papan 'ranking hornbill (bird)' (24, 25, 26)	Burung Enggang Papan 'ranking hornbill (bird)'
Anthracoceros
Latin	English/French	Vietnamese	Other V	Chinese	Japanese	Thai	Malaysian	Indonesian
Anthracoceros albirostris Taxonomy	East Asian pied hornbill Calao pie	Anthracoceros malabaricus (12): Chim Cao cát bụng trắng 'white-bellied hornbill2 bird' (12, 13)	Chim Cao cát phương đông 'eastern hornbill2 bird' (34)	冠斑犀鸟 (冠斑犀鳥) guān bān xī-niǎo 'crested striped rhinoceros-bird' (1, 2, 3, 4) 斑犀鸟 (斑犀鳥) bān xī-niǎo 'striped rhinoceros-bird' (5) Taxonomy	キタカササギサイチョウ (北鵲犀鳥) kita kasasagi saichō 'northern magpie rhinoceros-bird'	นกแก๊ก nók káeek kaeek bird' (onomat.)	Burung Kelingking 'kelingking bird' (onomat., from call kleng-keng) (26) Burung Enggang Kelingking 'kelingking hornbill (bird)' (onomat., from call kleng-keng) (25) Burung Enggang Belulang 'rawhide hornbill (bird)' (24) or Burung Lilin 'wax bird' (alt in 26)	Burung Kangkareng Perut-putih 'white-bellied kangkareng (bird)' (onomat., from call kangkareng ~ kengkareng)
Anthracoceros malayanus	Black hornbill Calao charbonnier	Chim Cao cát đen 'black hornbill2 bird' (12, 34)		黑斑犀鸟 (黑斑犀鳥) hēi-bān xī-niǎo 'black-striped rhinoceros-bird' (4) 黑腹斑犀鸟 (黑腹斑犀鳥) hēi-fù bān xī-niǎo 'black-bellied striped rhinoceros-bird' (5)	クロサイチョウ (黒犀鳥) kuro saichō 'black rhinoceros-bird'	นกเงือกดำ nók ŋêuak dam 'black hornbill (bird)'	Burung Kekek 'kekek bird' (onomat., from call, same as kingfisher) (26) Burung Enggang Gatal Birah 'itchy-itchy hornbill (bird)' (24) Burung Enggang Gatalbirah 'itchy-itchy hornbill (bird)' (25) or Burung Gatal Birah 'itchy-itchy bird' (alt in 26)	Burung Kangkareng Hitam 'black kangkareng (bird)' (onomat., from kangkareng ~ kengkareng call of A. albirostris)
Ptilolaemus
Latin	English/French	Vietnamese	Other V	Chinese	Japanese	Thai	Malaysian	Indonesian
Ptilolaemus austeni Anorrhinus austeni Anorrhinus tickelli	Godwin Austen's Brown Hornbill Austen's Brown Hornbill White-throated brown hornbill Brown-backed hornbill Calao d’Austen	Ptilolaemus tickelli (12, 13): Chim Niệc nâu 'brown hornbill3 bird' (12, 13, 34) (conflicts with Aceros nipalensis in 34)		白喉犀鸟 (白喉犀鳥) bái-hóu xī-niǎo 'white-throated rhinoceros-bird' or 小盔犀鸟 (小盔犀鳥) xiǎo-kuī xī-niǎo 'small-helmeted rhinoceros-bird' (alt in 1, 3, 5)	アッサムサイチョウ (アッサム犀鳥) assamu saichō 'Assamese rhinoceros-bird'	นกเงือกสีน้ำตาลคอขาว nók ŋêuak sĭi-nám-taan kʰoaa-kʰăaw 'white-necked brown hornbill (bird)'
Berenicornis
Latin	English/French	Vietnamese	Other V	Chinese	Japanese	Thai	Malaysian	Indonesian
Berenicornis comatus Aceros comatus	White-crowned hornbill Long-crested hornbill Calao coiffé	Chim Niệc đầu trắng 'white-headed hornbill3 bird' (12)	Aceros comatus: Chim Niệc mào trắng 'white-crested hornbill3 bird' (onomat.) (34) Chim Hồng hoàng mào trắng 'white-crested hornbill1 bird' (onomat.)	白冠犀鸟 (白冠犀鳥) bái-guān xī-niǎo 'white-crested rhinoceros-bird' (4) 长冠犀鸟 (長冠犀鳥) cháng-guān xī-niǎo 'long-crested rhinoceros-bird' (5)	シロクロサイチョウ (白黒犀鳥) shiro-kuro saichō 'black & white rhinoceros-bird'	นกเงือกหัวหงอก nók ŋêuak hŭa-ŋòaak 'greyhaired hornbill (bird)'	Burung Bulu 'bushy-feathered bird' (26) Burung Enggang Jambul Putih 'white-crested hornbill (bird)' (24, 25)	Burung Enggang Jambul 'crested hornbill (bird)'
Aceros
Latin	English/French	Vietnamese	Other V	Chinese	Japanese	Thai	Malaysian	Indonesian
Aceros nipalensis	Rufous-necked hornbill Calao à cou roux	Chim Niệc cổ hung 'reddish-necked hornbill3 bird' (12, 13)	Chim Niệc nâu 'brown hornbill3 bird' (34) (conflicts with Ptilolaemus austeni)	棕颈犀鸟 (棕頸犀鳥) zōng-jǐng xī-niǎo 'reddishbrown-necked rhinoceros-bird' or 无盔犀鸟 (無盔犀鳥) wú-kuī xī-niǎo 'no-helmeted rhinoceros-bird' (1, 3, 5)	ナナミゾサイチョウ (七溝犀鳥) nana-mizo saichō 'seven-groove rhinoceros-bird'	นกเงือกคอแดง nók ŋêuak kʰoaa-daeeŋ 'red-necked hornbill (bird)'
Rhyticeros
Latin	English/French	Vietnamese	Other V	Chinese	Japanese	Thai	Malaysian	Indonesian
Rhyticeros undulatus Aceros undulatus	Wreathed hornbill Calao festonné	Aceros undulatus: Chim Niệc mỏ vằn 'stripe-billed hornbill3 bird' (12, 13, 34)		花冠皱盔犀鸟 (花冠皺盔犀鳥) huā-guān zhòu-kuī xī-niǎo 'flower-crested creased-helmeted rhinoceros-bird'	シワコブサイチョウ (皺瘤犀鳥) shiwa kobu saichō 'wrinkle-knobbed rhinoceros-bird'	นกเงือกกรามช้าง nók ŋêuak kraam-cʰáaŋ 'elephant-molar hornbill (bird)'	Burung Enggang Gunung 'mountain hornbill (bird)' (24, 26) Burung Enggang Bukit 'hill hornbill (bird)' (25)	Burung Julang Emas 'gold head-tower bird'

中国鸟类种和亚种分类名录大全（修订版） 郑作新 著 科学出版社 北京 2000年
A Complete Checklist of Species and Subspecies of the Chinese Birds (Revised Edition) by Cheng Tso-Hsin, Science Press, Beijing 2000

中国鸟类分类与分布名录 主编：郑光美 科学出版社 北京 2005年
A Checklist on the Classification and Distribution of the Birds of China Chief editor: Zheng Guangmei, Science Press, Beijing 2005

中国鸟类野外手册（中文版）约翰・马敬能、卡伦・菲利普斯，合作者：荷芬奇，翻译：卢和芬 湖南教育出版社 长沙 2000年
A Field Guide to the Birds of China (Chinese translation) by John MacKinnon, Karen Phillipps, in collaboration with He Fen-qi, translated by Lu Hefen, Hunan Jiaoyu Chubanshe (Hunan Educational Press) Changsha 2000

世界鸟类分类与分布名录 主编：郑光美 科学出版社 北京 2002年
A Checklist on the Classification and Distribution of the Birds of the World Chief editor: Zheng Guangmei, Science Press, Beijing 2002

世界鸟类名称（拉丁文、汉文、英文对照）第二版 郑作新等 科学出版社 北京 2002年
Birds of the World (Latin, Chinese and English Names) 2nd ed. by Cheng Tso-Hsin et al, Science Press, Beijing 2002

Danh Lục Chim Việt Nam (In lần thứ hai) (Checklist of the Birds of Vietnam) Võ Quý, Nguyễn Cử, Nhà Xuất Bản Nông Nghiệp, Hà Nội 1999

Chim Việt Nam Nguyễn Cử, Lê Trọng Trải, Karen Phillipps; Nhà Xuất Bản Lao Động - Xã Hội, 2000

Senarai Nama-nama Burung Semenanjung Malaysia dan Asia Tenggara by Ismail, Abdul Rahman, Perhilitan (Jabatam Perlindungan Hidupan Liar dan Taman Negara, Semenanjung Malaysia), Kuala Lumpur 1981
(List of the Names of Birds of Peninsular Malaysia and Southeast Asia by Ismail, Abdul Rahman, Department of Wildlife and National Parks, Peninsular Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 1981)

The Birds of the Thai-Malay Peninsula: Vol. 1 - Non-passerines by Wells, David R., Academic Press, London 1999

A Field Guide to the Birds of West Malaysia and Singapore by Jeyarajasingam, Allen and Alan Pearson, Oxford University Press, Oxford 1999

Danh Lục Các Loài Chim ở Việt Nam (Latinh, Việt, Pháp, Hán) Trần Văn Chánh 2008-2009