General
Information is from dictionaries and other sources. Comments and corrections welcome. Hover over Green Lettering Green lettering at this site hides a tool tip with glosses, further explanations, etc. Hover cursor to reveal. to see additional information.
The Thai names for the Anatidae are based on the name for the domestic duck เป็ด pèt (which is farmed in great numbers) and the domestic goose ห่าน hàan (which is often kept as a pet or ornamental). Swans หงส์ hŏŋ are known from media and urban zoos only.
Native species of Anatidae are typically lumped together and described simply as wild geese or wild ducks. For example ห่านป่า hàan-pàa 'wild-goose' (literally 'forest goose') and เป็ดน้ำ pèt-náam 'wild-duck' (literally 'water duck') are popularly used rather than the modern species names given here. As with other tamed or domestic birds, นก nók 'bird' is not required for waterfowl names. However, it is used by earlier sources (18, 19, 20, 21) in the Anatidae family name, วงศ์นกเป็ดน้ำ woŋ nók pèt-náam, literally 'wild-duck bird family'. More recently, (22, 23) instead use วงศ์เป็ดและห่าน woŋ pèt láe hàan 'duck and goose family'.
With the exception of the names for Dendrocygna, Asarcornis, and Nettapus, all of the anatid species names are modern ornithological constructs or redefinitions. The Anserinae are considered kinds of ห่าน hàan 'goose', and all of the other native subfamilies are kinds of เป็ด pèt 'duck'.
เป็ด pèt 'duck' ' is also used to form the name of the grebes (Pocipedidae), นกเป็ดผี nók pèt-pʰĭi 'ghost duck bird', and also in an alternate name for Pitta oatesi (Pittidae).
Species names
DENDROCYGNINAE | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
SCIENTIFIC & WESTERN |
THAI |
S.E. ASIAN |
EAST ASIAN |
|||||
Dendrocygna | ||||||||
Latin |
English |
Thai |
Other Th |
Malaysian |
Indonesian |
Vietnamese |
Chinese |
Japanese |
Dendrocygna javanica |
Lesser whistling duck Lesser whistling-duck Whistling teal Lesser treeduck Indian whistling duck |
เป็ดแดง pèt-daeeŋ 'red duck' |
Burung Belibis 'treeduck (bird)' (old, 24, 26) (same as Nettapus coromandelianus) Burung Belibis Kecil 'small treeduck (bird)' (28) Itik Belibis 'treeduck duck' (25) |
Burung Belibis Polos 'plain treeduck (bird)' (30) Burung Belibis Kecil 'small treeduck (bird)' (29) |
Le nâu 'brown wildduck' (12, 13, 34) |
栗树鸭 (栗樹鴨) 'chestnut tree-duck' Taiwan: (树鸭) 樹鴨 'tree-duck' |
リュウキュウガモ (琉球鴨) ryūkyū-gamo 'Ryukyu wildduck' |
|
ANSERINAE | ||||||||
SCIENTIFIC & WESTERN |
THAI |
S.E. ASIAN |
EAST ASIAN |
|||||
ANSERINI | ||||||||
Anser | ||||||||
Latin |
English |
Thai |
Other Th |
Malaysian |
Indonesian |
Vietnamese |
Chinese |
Japanese |
Anser indicus |
Bar-headed goose | ห่านหัวลาย hàan hŭa-laay 'stripe-headed goose' |
ห่านป่า hàan-pàa 'wild-goose' (21) |
Burung Angsa Belang 'striped goose (bird)' (24) |
Ngỗng Ấn Độ 'Indian goose' (12) |
斑头雁 (斑頭雁) 'stripe-headed wildgoose' |
インドガン (インド雁) indo gan 'Indian wildgoose' |
|
Anser anser |
Greylag goose | ห่านเทาปากสีชมพู hàan tʰaw pàak-sĭi-cʰom-pʰuu 'pink-billed grey goose' |
ห่านป่าสีเทา hàan-pàa sĭi-tʰaw 'grey wild-goose' (21) |
Burung Angsa Kelabu 'grey goose (bird)' (24) |
Ngỗng trời 'sky goose' = 'wild goose' (12, 13, 34) |
灰雁 (灰雁) 'grey wildgoose' Taiwan: (灰雁) 灰雁 'grey wildgoose' |
ハイイロガン (灰色雁) hai-iro gan 'grey-coloured wildgoose' |
|
Anser cygnoid Anser cygnoides |
Swan goose Chinese goose |
Anser cygnoides: ห่านคอขาว hàan kʰoaa-kʰăaw 'white-necked goose' |
ห่านเทาปากดำ hàan tʰaw pàak-dam 'black-billed grey goose' (alt in 21) |
Anser cygnoides: 鸿雁 (鴻雁) 'swangoose wildgoose' Taiwan: Anser cygnoides: (鸿雁) 鴻雁 'swangoose wildgoose' |
Anser cygnoides: サカツラガン (酒面雁) saka-tsura gan 'wine-faced wildgoose' (refers to reddish-coloured face) |
|||
ANATINAE | ||||||||
SCIENTIFIC & WESTERN |
OTHER S. E. ASIAN |
VIETNAMESE |
EAST ASIAN |
|||||
MERGINI | ||||||||
Clangula | ||||||||
Latin |
English |
Thai |
Other Th |
Malaysian |
Indonesian |
Vietnamese |
Chinese |
Japanese |
Clangula hyemalis |
Long-tailed duck Oldsquaw |
เป็ดหางยาว pèt hăaŋ-yaaw 'long-tailed duck' |
长尾鸭 'long-tailed duck' |
コオリガモ (氷鴨) kōri-gamo 'ice wildduck' |
||||
Mergus | ||||||||
Latin |
English |
Thai |
Other Th |
Malaysian |
Indonesian |
Vietnamese |
Chinese |
Japanese |
Mergus squamatus |
Scaly-sided Merganser Chinese merganser |
เป็ดปากยาวข้างลาย pèt pàak-yaaw kʰâaŋ-laay 'stripe-sided long-billed duck' |
เป็ดปากเลื่อยพันธุ์จีน pèt pàak-lêuay pʰan-ciin 'Chinese-species saw-billed duck' (21) เป็ดปากยาว pèt pàak-yaaw 'long-billed duck' (alt in 21) |
Itik Rintik 'speckled duck' (24) |
Vịt mỏ nhọn 'sharp-billed duck' (12, 13, 34) |
中华秋沙鸭 (中華秋沙鴨) 'Chinese autumn-sand duck' Taiwan: (唐秋沙) 唐秋沙 'Chinese autumn-sand' |
コウライアイサ (高麗秋沙) kōrai aisa 'Korean merganser' (written 'Korean autumn-sand') |
|
TADORNINI | ||||||||
Tadorna | ||||||||
Latin |
English |
Thai |
Other Th |
Malaysian |
Indonesian |
Vietnamese |
Chinese |
Japanese |
Tadorna tadorna |
Common shelduck Shelduck |
เป็ดเชลดัก pèt cʰeen-dàk 'shelduck duck' (cʰeen-dàk from English 'shelduck') |
Itik Kolam 'pond duck' (24) |
Vịt khoang 'streaked duck' (12, 13, 34) |
翘鼻麻鸭 (翹鼻麻鴨) 'recurved-nosed hemp-duck' Taiwan: (花凫) 花鳧 'flowery wildduck' |
ツクシガモ (筑紫鴨) tsukushi-gamo 'Kyushu wildduck' |
||
Tadorna ferruginea |
Ruddy shelduck | เป็ดพม่า pèt pʰa-mâa 'Burmese duck' |
Itik Belacan 'speckled duck' (24) |
Vịt vàng 'yellow duck' (12, 13, 34) |
赤麻鸭 (赤麻鴨) 'red hemp-duck' Taiwan: (渎凫) 瀆鳧 'ditch wildduck' |
アカツクシガモ (赤筑紫鴨) aka tsukushi-gamo 'red Kyushu wildduck' |
||
AYTHYINI | ||||||||
Asarcornis | ||||||||
Latin |
English |
Thai |
Other Th |
Malaysian |
Indonesian |
Vietnamese |
Chinese |
Japanese |
Asarcornis scutulata Cairina scutulata |
White-winged duck White-winged wood duck |
เป็ดก่า pèt kàa 'kàa duck' (onomat.) Taxonomy |
Cairina scutulata: Itik Serati Hutan 'forest (=wild) Surat duck' Burung Serati Hutan 'forest (=wild) Surat bird' (24, 26, 28) |
Cairina scutulata: Mentok Rimba 'jungle (=wild) Muscovy-duck' (30) Itik Sayap Putih 'white-winged duck' (29) |
Cairina scutulata: Ngan cánh trắng 'white-winged woodduck' (12, 13, 34) Taxonomy |
Cairina scutulata: 白翅栖鸭 (白翅栖鴨 or 白翅棲鴨) 'white-winged roosting duck' |
Cairina scutulata: ハジロモリガモ (羽白森鴨) ha-jiro mori-gamo 'white-winged forest wildduck' |
|
Netta | ||||||||
Latin |
English |
Thai |
Other Th |
Malaysian |
Indonesian |
Vietnamese |
Chinese |
Japanese |
Netta rufina Rhodonessa rufina |
Red-crested pochard | เป็ดปากแดง pèt pàak-daeeŋ 'red-billed duck' |
Itik Berjambul 'crested duck' (24) (conflicts with Aythya fuligula) |
赤嘴潜鸭 (赤嘴潛鴨) 'red-billed diving-duck' Taiwan: (赤嘴潜鸭) 赤嘴潛鴨 'red-billed diving-duck' |
アカハシハジロ (赤嘴羽白) aka-hashi ha-jiro 'red-billed white-wing' |
|||
Aythya | ||||||||
Latin |
English |
Thai |
Other Th |
Malaysian |
Indonesian |
Vietnamese |
Chinese |
Japanese |
Aythya ferina |
Common pochard | เป็ดโปช้าดหลังขาว pèt poocʰáat lăŋ-kʰăaw 'white-backed pochard duck' (poocʰáat from English 'pochard') |
Itik Tasik 'lake duck' (24) |
Vịt đầu đỏ 'red-headed duck' (12, 13, 34) |
红头潜鸭 (紅頭潛鴨) 'red-headed diving-duck' Taiwan: (红头潜鸭) 紅頭潛鴨 'red-headed diving-duck' |
ホシハジロ (星羽白) hoshi ha-jiro 'starred white-wing' |
||
Aythya baeri |
Baer's pochard | เป็ดดำหัวดำ pèt dam hŭa-dam 'black-headed black duck' |
Itik Air 'water (=wild) duck' (24) (conflicts with Nettapus coromandelianus and Heliopais personatus) |
Vịt đầu đen 'black-headed duck' (12, 13, 34) |
青头潜鸭 (青頭潛鴨) 'green/blue-headed diving-duck' Taiwan: (青头潜鸭) 青頭潛鴨 'green/blue-headed diving-duck' |
アカハジロ (赤羽白) aka ha-jiro 'red white-wing' |
||
Aythya nyroca |
Ferruginous duck Ferruginous Pochard White-eyed pochard |
เป็ดดำหัวสีน้ำตาล pèt dam hŭa-sĭi-nám-taan 'brown-headed black duck' |
Itik Mata Putih 'white-eyed duck' (24) |
Vịt mặt trắng 'white-faced duck' (12, 13) Vịt mắt trắng 'white-eyed duck' (34) Name |
白眼潜鸭 (白眼潛鴨) 'white-eyed diving-duck' Taiwan: (白眼潜鸭) 白眼潛鴨 'white-eyed diving duck' |
メジロガモ (目白鴨, 眼白鴨) me-jiro-gamo 'white-eyed wildduck' |
||
Aythya fuligula |
Tufted duck | เป็ดเปีย pèt pia 'tufted (rear of head) duck' |
Itik Jambul 'crested duck' (24, 26, 28) Itik Berjambul 'crested duck' (25) (conflicts with Netta rufina) |
Kambangan Hitam 'black divingduck' |
Vịt mào 'crested duck' (12, 13, 34) |
凤头潜鸭 (鳳頭潛鴨) 'phoenix-headed diving-duck' Taiwan: (风头潜鸭) 鳳頭潛鴨 'phoenix-headed diving-duck' |
キンクロハジロ (金黒羽白) kin-kuro ha-jiro 'gold-black white-wing' |
|
Aythya marila |
Greater scaup Scaup duck Scaup |
เป็ดดำหลังขาว pèt dam lăŋ-kʰăaw 'white-backed black duck' |
Itik Besar 'large duck' (24) |
Vịt biển 'sea duck' (12, 13, 34) |
斑背潜鸭 (斑背潛鴨) 'spot-backed diving-duck' Taiwan: (斑背潜鸭) 斑背潛鴨 'spot-backed diving-duck' |
スズガモ (鈴鴨) suzu-gamo 'bell wildduck' |
||
ANATINI | ||||||||
Spatula | ||||||||
Latin |
English |
Thai |
Other Th |
Malaysian |
Indonesian |
Vietnamese |
Chinese |
Japanese |
Spatula querquedula Anas querquedula |
Garganey | Anas querquedula: เป็ดลาย pèt laay 'striped duck' |
Anas querquedula: Itik Kening Putih 'white-eyebrowed duck' (28) Itik Garganey 'garganey duck' (garganey from English) (26) Itik Gargany 'garganey duck' (gargany respelt from English) (24) Itik Berkik 'snipe duck' (25) (conflicts with alternative name of Nettapus coromandelianus) |
Anas querquedula: Itik Jurai 'bunchfringed duck' (30) Itik Alis Putih 'white-eyebrowed duck' (29) |
Anas querquedula: Mòng két mày trắng 'white-eyebrowed teal wildduck' (12, 13, 34) |
Anas querquedula: 白眉鸭 (白眉鴨) 'white-eyebrowed duck' Taiwan: Anas querquedula: (白眉鸭) 白眉鴨 'white-eyebrowed duck' |
Anas querquedula: シマアジ (縞味 ~ 島味) shima-aji 'striped teal' (written 'striped flavour'. 味 'flavour' is used solely for pronunciation. Also written with the specially created character 䳑 aji) |
|
Spatula clypeata Anas clypeata |
Northern shoveller Shoveller Common shoveller Red shoveller |
Anas clypeata: เป็ดปากพลั่ว pèt pàak-pʰlûa 'shovel-billed duck' |
Anas clypeata: Itik Paruh Bajak 'plough-billed duck' (25, 28) Itik Paruh Sudu 'spoon-billed duck' (26) Itik Sudu 'spoon duck' (24) |
Anas clypeata: Vịt mỏ thìa 'spoon-billed duck' (12, 13, 34) |
Anas clypeata: 琵嘴鸭 (琵嘴鴨) 'spatula-billed duck' Taiwan: Anas clypeata: (琵嘴鸭) 琵嘴鴨 'spatula-billed duck' |
Anas clypeata: ハシビロガモ (嘴広鴨) hashi-biro-gamo 'broad-billed wildduck' |
||
Sibirionetta | ||||||||
Latin |
English |
Thai |
Other Th |
Malaysian |
Indonesian |
Vietnamese |
Chinese |
Japanese |
Sibirionetta formosa Anas formosa |
Baikal teal | เป็ดเปียหน้าเหลือง pèt pia nâa-lĕuaŋ 'yellow-faced tufted (rear of head) duck' |
เป็ดไบคาล pèt bay-kʰaan 'Baikal duck' (21) |
Itik Russia 'Russian duck' (24) |
Anas formosa: Vịt Bai can 'Baikal duck (bird)' (13) |
花脸鸭 (花臉鴨) 'flowery-faced duck' Taiwan: (巴鸭) 巴鴨 'snakepatterned duck' |
トモエガモ (巴鴨) tomoe-gamo 'snakepatterned wildduck' |
|
Mareca | ||||||||
Latin |
English |
Thai |
Other Th |
Malaysian |
Indonesian |
Vietnamese |
Chinese |
Japanese |
Mareca falcata Anas falcata |
Falcated Duck Falcated Teal |
Anas falcata: เป็ดเปียหน้าเขียว pèt pia nâa-kʰĭaw 'green-faced tufted (rear of head) duck' |
Itik Teratai 'lotus duck' (24) |
Anas falcata: Vịt lưỡi liềm 'crescent duck' (12, 13, 34) |
Anas falcata: 罗纹鸭 (羅紋鴨) 'whorl-patterned duck' Taiwan: Anas falcata: (罗文鸭) 羅文鴨 'whorl-patterned duck' |
Anas falcata: ヨシガモ (葦鴨) yoshi-gamo 'reed-wildduck' |
||
Mareca strepera Anas strepera |
Gadwall | Anas strepera: เป็ดเทาก้นดำ pèt tʰaw kôn-dam 'black-vented grey duck' |
Anas strepera: Vịt cánh trắng 'white-winged duck' (12, 13) |
Anas strepera: 赤膀鸭 (赤膀鴨) 'red-winged duck' Taiwan: Anas strepera: (赤膀鸭) 赤膀鴨 'red-winged duck' |
Anas strepera: オカヨシガモ (丘葦鴨) oka yoshi-gamo 'hill reed-wildduck' |
|||
Mareca penelope Anas penelope |
Eurasian wigeon European wigeon Wigeon |
Anas penelope: เป็ดปากสั้น pèt pàak-sân 'short-billed duck' |
Anas penelope: Itik Bersiul 'whistling duck' (28) Itik Wigeon 'wigeon duck' (wigeon from English) (26) Itik Eurasia 'Eurasian duck' (24) Itik Puteri 'princess duck' (25) |
Anas penelope: Itik Bungalan 'buff duck' |
Vịt đầu vàng 'golden-headed duck' (from Cites list on Internet) |
Anas penelope: 赤颈鸭 (赤頸鴨) 'red-necked duck' Taiwan: Anas penelope: (赤颈鸭) 赤頸鴨 'red-necked duck' |
Anas penelope: ヒドリガモ (緋鳥鴨) hi-dori-gamo 'scarlet-bird wildduck' |
|
Anas | ||||||||
Latin |
English |
Thai |
Other Th |
Malaysian |
Indonesian |
Vietnamese |
Chinese |
Japanese |
Anas zonorhyncha |
Chinese Spot-billed duck Spotbill duck Yellow-nib duck Chinese spotbill |
เป็ดเทาพันธุ์จีน pèt tʰaw pʰan ciin 'Chinese species grey duck' |
Itik Paruh Bintik 'spot-billed duck' (24) |
Anas poecilorhyncha: 斑嘴鸭 (斑嘴鴨) 'spot-billed duck' Taiwan: Anas poecilorhyncha: (花嘴鸭) 花嘴鴨 'flowery-billed duck' Taxonomy |
Anas poecilorhyncha: カルガモ (軽鴨) karu-gamo 'light-wildduck' Taxonomy |
|||
Anas poecilorhyncha Anas poecilorhynchus |
Indian Spot-billed duck Spotbill duck Yellow-nib duck |
เป็ดเทาพันธุ์อินเดีย pèt tʰaw pʰan in-dia 'Indian species grey duck' |
เป็ดเทา pèt tʰaw 'grey duck' (18, 19, 20, 21, 22) |
Itik Paruh Bintik 'spot-billed duck' (24) |
Vịt trời 'sky duck' = 'wild duck' (12, 13) (conflicts with (34) name for Mareca strepera) |
斑嘴鸭 (斑嘴鴨) 'spot-billed duck' Taxonomy |
カルガモ (軽鴨) karu-gamo 'light-wildduck' Taxonomy |
|
Anas platyrhynchos |
Mallard | เป็ดหัวเขียว pèt hŭa-kʰĭaw 'green-headed duck' |
เป็ดมาลลาร์ด pèt maanlâad 'mallard duck' (maanlâad from English 'mallard') (21) |
Itik Melewar 'flocking (or abundant) duck' (24) |
Vịt cổ xanh 'blue/green-necked duck' (12, 34) |
绿头鸭 (綠頭鴨) 'green-headed duck' Taiwan: (绿头鸭) 綠頭鴨 'green-headed duck' |
マガモ (真鴨) ma-gamo 'true wildduck' |
|
Anas acuta |
Northern pintail Pintail |
เป็ดหางแหลม pèt hăaŋ-lăeem 'point-tailed duck' |
เป็ดหอม pèt hŏaam 'fragrant duck' (21) |
Itik Ekor Runcing 'sharp-tailed duck' (26, 28) Itik Muara 'estuary duck' (24, 25) |
Itik Lancip 'acute duck' (tapering to a point) (30) Itik Ekor Lonjong 'tapering-tailed duck' (lonjong from Javanese) (29) |
Vịt mốc 'stake duck' (12, 13, 34) |
针尾鸭 (針尾鴨) 'needle-tailed duck' Taiwan: (尖尾鸭) 尖尾鴨 'sharp-tailed duck' |
オナガガモ (尾長鴨) o-naga-gamo 'long-tailed wildduck' |
Anas crecca |
Common teal or Green-winged teal Teal |
เป็ดปีกเขียว pèt pìik-kʰĭaw 'green-winged duck' |
Itik Kecil 'small duck' (28) Itik Teal 'teal duck' (teal from English) (26) Itik Eropah 'European duck' (24, 25) |
Mòng két 'teal wildduck' (12, 13, 34) |
绿翅鸭 (綠翅鴨) 'green-winged duck' Taiwan: (小水鸭) 小水鴨 'small water duck' |
コガモ (小鴨) ko-gamo 'small wildduck' |
||
GENERA INCERTAE SEDIS | ||||||||
Sarkidiornis | ||||||||
Latin |
English |
Thai |
Other Th |
Malaysian |
Indonesian |
Vietnamese |
Chinese |
Japanese |
Sarkidiornis melanotos |
Comb duck Nakta |
เป็ดหงส์ pèt hŏŋ 'swan duck' |
Itik Sisir 'comb duck' (24) |
Vịt mồng 'rainbow duck' (12, 34) |
瘤鸭 (瘤鴨) 'lump duck' |
コブガモ (瘤鴨) kobu-gamo 'lump wildduck' |
||
Aix | ||||||||
Latin |
English |
Thai |
Other Th |
Malaysian |
Indonesian |
Vietnamese |
Chinese |
Japanese |
Aix galericulata |
Mandarin duck Mandarin |
เป็ดแมนดาริน pèt maeen-daa-rin 'mandarin duck' (maeen-daa-rin from English 'mandarin') |
Itik Mandarin 'Mandarin duck' (from English) (24) |
Uyên ương (= Chinese 鴛鴦 yuān-yang 'mandarinduck') (12, 13, 34) |
鸳鸯 (鴛鴦) 'mandarinduck' Taiwan: (鸳鸯) 鴛鴦 'mandarinduck' |
オシドリ (鴛鴦) oshi-dori 'mandarinduck bird' (written with the characters used to write the Chinese name) |
||
Nettapus | ||||||||
Latin |
English |
Thai |
Other Th |
Malaysian |
Indonesian |
Vietnamese |
Chinese |
Japanese |
Nettapus coromandelianus |
Cotton teal or Indian pygmy-goose Cotton pygmy-goose |
เป็ดคับแค pèt kʰáp-kʰaee 'kʰáp-kʰaee duck' (onomat.?) |
Itik Kapas 'cotton duck' (24, 25, 26, 28) or Itik Air 'water (=wild) duck' (old, alt in 26, 28) (error from misunderstanding of Robinson) (conflicts with Aythya baeri and Heliopais personatus) or Burung Belabas 'treeduck (bird)' (alt in 26, 28) (same as Dendrocygna javanica) |
Trutu Hijau 'green pygmygoose' (30) Itik Putih 'white duck' (29) |
Le khoang cổ 'streak-necked wildduck' (12, 13, 34) |
棉凫 (棉鳧) 'cotton wildduck' Taiwan: (棉鸭) 棉鴨 'cotton duck' |
ナンキンオシ (南京鴛鴦) nankin oshi 'Nanjing mandarinduck' |
As a subspecies of A. poecilorhyncha, A. p. zonorhyncha is known by the Japanese name カルガモ karu-gamo (軽鴨) 'light-wildduck' (Wikipedia).
Apart from A. zonorhyncha, which now has species status, other subspecies of A. poecilorhyncha are: A. p. haringtoni, known in Japanese as ビルマカルガモ biruma karu-gamo (ビルマ軽鴨) 'Burmese light-wildduck', and A. p. poecilorhyncha, known in Japanese as アカボシカルガモ aka-boshi karu-gamo (赤星軽鴨) 'red-starred light-wildduck' (Wikipedia).
As a subspecies of A. poecilorhyncha, A. p. zonorhyncha is known in Chinese as 普通亚种 pǔtōng yàzhǒng 'common subspecies' (Cheng 2000).
The subspecies A. p. haringtoni is known in Chinese as 云南亚种 yúnnán yàzhǒng 'Yunnan subspecies' (Cheng 2000).
Belibis (written variously as belibis, meliwis, mliwis, and probably also belabas, belebas) is an old name for Dendrocygna tree-ducks. Belabas comes from a single old record which was never independently confirmed. Belebas is only found in an old copying error of that same record.
Itik surati 'duck from Surat' (from its supposed introduction via India) is an old name for the domestic Muscovy Duck Cairina moschata. The name was initially respelt as serati by (24) and subsequently copied elsewhere. Serati has been adapted with a modifier meaning 'wild' to refer to the similar-appearing native wood-duck Asarcornis scutulata.
Mentok (variously written mentok, mentog, entok, entog) is an old name for the the introduced domestic Muscovy or Manila Duck Cairina moschata. The name has been adapted with a modifier meaning 'wild' to refer to the similar-appearing native wood-duck Asarcornis scutulata.
Belabas comes from a single old record which was never independently confirmed. Belebas is only in an old copying error of that same record. Belabas is probably the same name as belibis (written variously as belibis, meliwis, mliwis), an old name for Dendrocygna tree-ducks.
Mostly from Robinson (& Chasen) 1927-1939 v1-4; additions from Madoc 1947 (et.seq.), and Glenister 1951 (both mostly names copied from Robinson)
Danh Lục Chim Việt Nam (In lần thứ hai) (Checklist of the Birds of Vietnam) Võ Quý, Nguyễn Cử, Nhà Xuất Bản Nông Nghiệp, Hà Nội 1999
Chim Việt Nam Nguyễn Cử, Lê Trọng Trải, Karen Phillipps; Nhà Xuất Bản Lao Động - Xã Hội, 2000
Bird Guide of Thailand by Lekagul, Boonsong, Ramin Press, Bangkok 1968
Bird Guide of Thailand 2nd edition by Lekagul, Boonsong and Edward W. Cronin, Jr., Kurusapa Ladprao Press, Bangkok 1974
A guide to the Birds of Thailand by Lekagul, Boonsong and Philip D. Round, Saha Karn Bhaet Co., Ltd., Bangkok 1991
Check-list of Thai Birds Round, Philip D., Bird Conservation Society of Thailand, Bangkok 2008. Draft version downloaded from the site of the Bird Conservation Society of Thailand in 2009 but no longer posted there, an expanded update of the species included in Lekagul & Round 1991
นกในเมืองไทย (Birds in Thailand) by รศ. โอภาส ขอบเขตต์ (Assoc. Prof. Obhas Khobkhet), Sarakadee Press, Bangkok 1998
นกเมืองไทย (Birds [of] Thailand) by จารุจินต์ นภีตะภัฏ, กานต์ เลขะกุล, วัชระ สงวนสมบติ (Jarujin Nabhitabata, Karn Lekagul, Wachara Sanguansombat), คณะบุคคล นายแพทย์ บุญส่ง เลขะกุล (Dr Boonsong Lekagul Group), Bangkok 2007
นกเมืองไทย (Birds [of] Thailand) by จารุจินต์ นภีตะภัฏ, กานต์ เลขะกุล, วัชระ สงวนสมบติ (Jarujin Nabhitabata, Karn Lekagul, Wachara Sanguansombat), คณะบุคคล นายแพทย์ บุญส่ง เลขะกุล (Dr Boonsong Lekagul Group), Bangkok 2012
Senarai Nama-nama Burung Semenanjung Malaysia dan Asia Tenggara by Ismail, Abdul Rahman, Perhilitan (Jabatam Perlindungan Hidupan Liar dan Taman Negara, Semenanjung Malaysia), Kuala Lumpur 1981
(List of the Names of Birds of Peninsular Malaysia and Southeast Asia by Ismail, Abdul Rahman, Department of Wildlife and National Parks, Peninsular Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 1981)
The Birds of the Thai-Malay Peninsula: Vol. 1 - Non-passerines by Wells, David R., Academic Press, London 1999
A Field Guide to the Birds of West Malaysia and Singapore by Jeyarajasingam, Allen and Alan Pearson, Oxford University Press, Oxford 1999
A Field Guide to the Birds of Peninsular Malaysia and Singapore (second edition) by Jeyarajasingham, Allen, Illustrations by Alan Pearson, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2012
A Field Guide to the Birds of Java and Bali (second edition) by MacKinnon, John, Gadjah Mada University Press, Yogyakarta 1990
Burung Nusantara checklist of Birds of Indonesia
Danh Lục Các Loài Chim ở Việt Nam (Latinh, Việt, Pháp, Hán) Trần Văn Chánh 2008-2009