Pycnonotidae
Họ Chào mào

General

The following is based on analysis of dictionaries and other sources. Comments and corrections welcome. Malaysian names are now being updated. For consistency, Vietnamese bird names (except for ducks and chickens) are preceded by the word Chim meaning 'bird'. Ornithological lists mostly omit this as understood. Hover over Green Lettering Green lettering at this site hides a tool tip with glosses, further explanations, etc. Hover cursor to reveal. to see additional information.

Vietnamese ornithological lists give three separate names for the bulbuls: Chào mào, Bông lau, and Cành cạch. Only the first is listed in ordinary Vietnamese dictionaries.

For cage birds, notably the Streak-eared Bulbul (Pycnonotus blanfordi) and similar species, several other names appear to be in common use, including Hoành hoạch, Quành quạch, Trao tráo, and Trao trảo. The first two are probably variations of Cành cạch, and the two latter names are probably related to Chào mào.

The usage of the three ornithological names is as follows:

1. Chào mào is the name of the 'Red-whiskered Bulbul' (Pycnonotus jocosus). In the species list below, it is glossed as 'bulbul₁'. In combination with descriptors, Chào mào is also applied to several other species in Pycnonotus as well as the genus Spizixos (the finchbills). Mào means 'crest' in Vietnamese.

2. Apart from those known as Chào mào, most members of Pycnonotus (current or former) are ornithologically known as Bông lau, literally 'reed-blossom'. The TVC list also uses this name for the genus Alophoixus, which characteristically fluff out their neck feathers.

3. Other genera (including Alophoixus, Iole, Ixos, Hemixos, and Hypsipetes in H&M4) are known as Cành cạch. This is an onomatoepic word that refers to clacking and rattling noises, a probable reference to the noisiness of these birds. As noted above, the TVC list does not use this name for Alophoixus.

Species names

SCIENTIFIC & WESTERN		VIETNAMESE		EAST ASIAN		S. E. ASIAN
Alophoixus
Latin	English/French	Vietnamese	Other V	Chinese	Japanese	Thai	Malaysian	Indonesian
Alophoixus pallidus Criniger pallidus	Puff-throated bulbul Olivaceous bearded bulbul White-throated bulbul Bulbul pâle	Chim Cành cạch lớn 'large bulbul2 (bird)' (onomat.) (12)	Allophoixus pallidus: Bông lau nhạt 'pale reed-blossom bird' (onomat.) (34)	白喉冠鹎 (白喉冠鵯) bái-hóu guān-bēi 'white-throated crested bulbul'	ノドジロカンムリヒヨ (喉白冠鵯) nodo-jiro kanmuri hiyo 'white-throated crested bulbul'	นกปรอดโอ่งเมืองเหนือ nók pa-ròaat òoŋ meuaŋ-nĕua 'northland waterjar-bulbul (bird)'
Alophoixus ochraceus Criniger ochraceus	Ochraceous bulbul Ochraceous bearded bulbul Bulbul ocré	Allophoixus ochraceous: Chim Cành cạch bụng hung 'reddish-bellied bulbul2 (bird)' (onomat.) (12)	Allophoixus ochraceous: Bông lau đỏ son 'carmine reed-blossom bird' (onomat.) (34)	白喉褐冠鹎 (白喉褐冠鵯) bái-hóu hè guān-bēi 'white-throated brown-crested bulbul'	コアカメチャイロヒヨドリ (小赤目茶色鵯) ko aka-me cha-iro hiyo-dori 'small red-eyed brown bulbul-bird'	นกปรอดโอ่งท้องสีน้ำตาล nók pa-ròaat òoŋ tʰóaaŋ-sĭi-nám-taan 'brown-bellied waterjar-bulbul (bird)'	Burung Merbah Berjanggut 'bearded bulbul (bird)' (24, 26) Burung Merbah Beringin 'banyan bulbul (bird)' (27)	Burung Empuloh Ragum 'incurved ? beardedbulbul (bird)'
Iole
Latin	English/French	Vietnamese	Other V	Chinese	Japanese	Thai	Malaysian	Indonesian
Iole propinqua Hypsipetes propinquus	Grey-eyed bulbul Bulbul aux yeux gris	Hypsipetes propinquus (12): Chim Cành cạch nhỏ 'small bulbul2 (bird)' (onomat.) (12, 34)		灰眼短脚鹎 (灰眼短腳鵯) huī-yǎn duǎn-jiǎo-bēi 'grey-eyed short-legged bulbul'	メジロヒヨドリ (目白鵯) me-jiro hiyo-dori 'white-eyed bulbul-bird'	นกปรอดเล็กตาขาว nók pa-ròaat lék taa-kʰăaw 'white-eyed small bulbul (bird)'	Burung Merbah Mata Kelabu 'grey-eyed bulbul (bird)' (27)
Hemixos
Latin	English/French	Vietnamese	Other V	Chinese	Japanese	Thai	Malaysian	Indonesian
Hemixos flavala Hypsipetes flavalus	Ashy bulbul Bulbul à ailes vertes	Hypsipetes flavalus (12): Chim Cành cạch xám 'grey bulbul2 (bird)' (onomat.) (12, 34) Taxonomy		灰短脚鹎 (灰短腳鵯) huī duǎn-jiǎo-bēi 'grey short-legged bulbul' Taxonomy	ハイイロヒヨドリ (灰色鵯) hai-iro hiyo-dori 'grey bulbul-bird'	นกปรอดสีขี้เถ้า nók pa-ròaat sĭi-kʰîi-tʰâw 'ashy bulbul (bird)'	Burung Merbah Kelabu 'grey bulbul (bird)' (26, 27) Burung Merbah Abu 'ashy bulbul (bird)' (24)	Burung Brinji Kelabu 'grey streakedbulbul (bird)'
Ixos
Latin	English/French	Vietnamese	Other V	Chinese	Japanese	Thai	Malaysian	Indonesian
Ixos mcclellandii Hypsipetes mcclellandii	Mountain bulbul Mountain streaked bulbul Green-winged bulbul McClelland's bulbul Bulbul de McClelland	Hypsipetes maclellandi (12, 13): Chim Cành cạch núi 'mountain bulbul2 (bird)' (onomat.) (12, 13, 34)		绿翅短脚鹎 (綠翅短腳鵯) lǜ-chì duǎn-jiǎo-bēi 'green-winged short-legged bulbul' (1, 2, 3, 4) 麦克氏短脚鹎 (麥克氏短腳鵯) màikè-shì duǎn-jiǎo-bēi 'Mr Maike's short-legged bulbul' (5)	ミヤマヒヨドリ (深山鵯) mi-yama hiyo-dori 'deep-mountain bulbul-bird'	นกปรอดภูเขา nók pa-ròaat pʰuu-kʰăw 'mountain bulbul (bird)'	Burung Bebarau Bukit 'hill barred (bird)' (26) Burung Merbah Gunung 'mountain bulbul (bird)' (27) Burung Merbah Lorek Gunung 'mountain barred-bulbul (bird)' (24)
Hypsipetes
Latin	English/French	Vietnamese	Other V	Chinese	Japanese	Thai	Malaysian	Indonesian
Hypsipetes leucocephalus	Black bulbul Bulbul noir	Hypsipetes madagascariensis (12): Chim Cành cạch đen 'black bulbul2 (bird)' (onomat.) (12, 13, 34)	Chim Cành cạch đầu trắng 'white-headed bulbul2 (bird)' (onomat.) (alt in 34)	黑短脚鹎 (黑短腳鵯) hēi duǎn-jiǎo-bēi 'black short-legged bulbul' or 黑鹎 (黑鵯) hēi-bēi 'black bulbul' (alt in 1, 3) Taxonomy Taiwan: (红嘴黑鹎) 紅嘴黑鵯 hóng-zuǐ hēi-bēi 'red-billed black bulbul'	クロヒヨドリ (黒鵯) kuro hiyo-dori 'black bulbul-bird'	นกปรอดดำ nók pa-ròaat dam 'black bulbul (bird)'	Burung Merbah Hitam 'black bulbul (bird)' (27)
Spizixos
Latin	English/French	Vietnamese	Other V	Chinese	Japanese	Thai	Malaysian	Indonesian
Spizixos canifrons	Crested finchbill Crested finch-billed bulbul Crest finch-billed bulbul Bulbul à gros bec	Chim Chào mào mỏ lớn 'large-billed bulbul1 (bird)' (12, 34)		凤头雀嘴鹎 (鳳頭雀嘴鵯) fèng-tóu què-zuǐ bēi 'phoenix-headed finch-billed bulbul'	カンムリカヤノボリ (冠萱昇) kanmuri kaya-nobori 'crested thatch climber'	นกปรอดหงอนปากหนา nók pa-ròaat ŋŏaan pàak-năa 'thick-billed crested bulbul (bird)'
Spizixos semitorques	Collared finchbill Collared finch-billed bulbul Swinhoe's finch-billed bulbul Bulbul à semi-collier	Chim Chào mào khoang cổ 'streak-necked bulbul1 (bird)' (12, 13, 34)		领雀嘴鹎 (領雀嘴鵯) lǐng què-zuǐ bēi 'collared finch-billed bulbul' (1, 2, 3, 4) 绿鹦嘴鹎 (綠鸚嘴鵯) lǜ yīng-zuǐ bēi 'green parrot-billed bulbul' (5) Taiwan: (白环鹦嘴鹎) 白環鸚嘴鵯 bái-huán yīng-zuǐ bēi 'white-ringed parrot-billed bulbul'	カヤノボリ (萱昇) kaya-nobori 'thatch climber'
Pycnonotus
Latin	English/French	Vietnamese	Other V	Chinese	Japanese	Thai	Malaysian	Indonesian
Pycnonotus striatus	Striated bulbul Striped bulbul Striated green bulbul Bulbul strié	Chim Chào mào vạch 'lined bulbul1 (bird)' (12, 34)		纵纹绿鹎 (縱紋綠鵯) zòng-wén lǜ-bēi 'vertical pattern green bulbul'	タテフヒヨドリ (縦斑鵯) tate-fu hiyo-dori 'vertical-striped bulbul-bird'	นกปรอดลาย nók pa-ròaat laay 'striped bulbul (bird)'
Pycnonotus melanicterus	Black-crested bulbul Black-crested yellow bulbul Bulbul à tête noire	Chim Chào mào vàng mào đen 'black-crested yellow bulbul1 (bird)' (12)	Chim Chào mào vàng 'yellow bulbul1 (bird)' (34)	黑冠黄鹎 (黑冠黃鵯) hēi-guān huáng bēi 'black-crested yellow bulbul'	エボシヒヨドリ (烏帽子鵯) eboshi hiyo-dori 'court-headdress bulbul-bird'	Pycnonotus flaviventris: นกปรอดเหลืองหัวจุก nók pa-ròaat lĕuaŋ hŭa-cùk 'topknotted yellow bulbul (bird)'	Burung Merbah Jambul Hitam 'black-crested bulbul (bird)' (24, 26, 27)	Burung Cucak Kuning 'yellow bulbul1 (bird)' (cucak = Javanese 'bulbul')
Pycnonotus jocosus	Red-whiskered bulbul Bulbul orphée	Chim Chào mào 'bulbul1 (bird)' (12, 13, 34)		红耳鹎 (紅耳鵯) hóng-ěr bēi 'red-eared bulbul'	コウラウン (紅羅雲) kōra'un 'red silk cloud (?)'	นกปรอดหัวโขน nók pa-ròaat hŭa-kʰŏon 'masked bulbul (bird)'	Burung Merbah Telinga Merah 'red-eared bulbul (bird)' (24, 26) Burung Merbah Pipi Merah 'red-cheeked bulbul (bird)' (27)
Pycnonotus xanthorrhous	Brown-breasted bulbul Anderson's bulbul Yellow-vented bulbul Bulbul à poitrine brune	Chim Bông lau ngực nâu 'brown-breasted reed-blossom bird' (12, 13, 34)		黄臀鹎 (黃臀鵯) huáng-tún bēi 'yellow-bottomed bulbul'	ノドジロヒヨドリ (喉白鵯) nodo-jiro hiyo-dori 'white-throated bulbul-bird'	นกปรอดหัวโขนก้นเหลือง nók pa-ròaat hŭa-kʰŏon kôn-lĕuaŋ 'yellow-vented masked bulbul (bird)'
Pycnonotus sinensus	Light-vented bulbul Chinese bulbul Bulbul de Chine	Chim Bông lau Trung Quốc 'Chinese reed-blossom bird' (12, 13)	Chim Bông lau gáy trắng 'white-naped reed-blossom bird' (34)	白头鹎 (白頭鵯) bái-tóu bēi 'white-headed bulbul' Taiwan: (白头翁) 白頭翁 bái-tóu wēng 'white-headed old-man'	シロガシラ (白頭) shiro-gashira 'white head'	นกปรอดจีน nók pa-ròaat ciin 'Chinese bulbul (bird)'
Latin	English/French	Vietnamese	Other V	Chinese	Japanese	Thai	Malaysian	Indonesian
Pycnonotus aurigaster	Sooty-headed bulbul White-eared bulbul Golden-vented bulbul Red-vented bulbul Bulbul cul-d'or	Chim Bông lau tai trắng 'white-eared reed-blossom bird' (12)	Chim Bông lau đít đỏ 'red-vented reed-blossom (bird)' (13) (conflicts with the name for the extralimital Pycnonotus cafer in 12) Chim Bông lau đít vàng 'yellow-vented reed-blossom (bird)' (34)	白喉红臀鹎 (白厚紅臀鵯) bái-hóu hóng-tún bēi 'white-throated red-bottomed bulbul'	コシジロヒヨドリ (腰白鵯) koshi-jiro hiyo-dori 'white-rumped bulbul-bird'	นกปรอดหัวสีเขม่า nók pa-ròaat hŭa-sĭi-kʰa-màw 'sooty-headed bulbul (bird)'	Burung Merbah Jawa 'Javanese bulbul (bird)' (27 (introduced Singapore)	Burung Cucak Kutilang 'sootyheaded-bulbul bulbul1 (bird)' (onomat.) (cucak = Javanese 'bulbul'; kutilang = Jakartanese/ Javanese for 'black-headed bulbul')
Pycnonotus finlaysoni	Stripe-throated bulbul Bulbul de Finlayson	Chim Bông lau họng vạch 'line-throated reed-blossom bird' (12)	Chim Bông lau trán vàng 'yellow-foreheaded reed-blossom bird' (34)	纹喉鹎 (紋厚鵯) wén-hóu bēi 'fine-pattern-throated bulbul'	キビタイヒヨドリ (黄額鵯) ki-bitai hiyo-dori 'yellow-foreheaded bulbul-bird'	นกปรอดคอลาย nók pa-ròaat kʰoaa-laay stripe-necked bulbul (bird)'	Burung Merbah Luris Leher 'neck-lined bulbul (bird)' (24, 26) Burung Merbah Kunyit 'turmeric bulbul (bird)' (27)
Pycnonotus flavescens	Flavescent bulbul Flavescent green bulbul Round-tailed green bulbul Bulbul flavescent	Chim Bông lau vàng 'yellow reed-blossom bird' (12, 34)		黄绿鹎 (黃綠鵯) huáng lǜ bēi 'yellow-green bulbul'	カオジロヒヨドリ (顔白鵯) kao-jiro hiyo-dori 'white-faced bulbul' bird	นกปรอดหัวตาขาว nók pa-ròaat hŭa-taa-kʰăaw 'white-lored bulbul (bird)'		Burung Merbah Gunung 'mountain bulbul (bird)'
Pycnonotus goiavier	Yellow-vented bulbul Bulbul goiavier	Chim Bông lau mày trắng 'white-eyebrowed reed-blossom bird' (12, 34)		白眉黄臀鹎 (白眉黃臀鵯) bái-méi huáng-tún bēi 'white-eyebrowed yellow-bottomed bulbul'	メグロヒヨドリ (目黒鵯) me-guro hiyo-dori 'black-eyed bulbul-bird'	นกปรอดหน้านวล nók pa-ròaat nâa-nuan 'pale-faced bulbul (bird)'	Burung Merbah Kapur 'chalky bulbul (bird)' (24, 26, 27)	Burung Merbah Cerukcuk 'cerukcuk bulbul (bird)' (onomat., cerukcuk from Javanese/ Jakartanese)
Pycnonotus blanfordi	Streak-eared bulbul Blanford's olive bulbul Bulbul de Blanford	Chim Bông lau tai vằn 'stripe-eared reed-blossom bird' (12)	Chim Bông lau xám 'grey reed-blossom bird' (34) Chim hoành hoạch 'hoành hoạch bird'	纹耳鹎 (紋耳鵯) wén ěr bēi 'fine-pattern- eared bulbul' (4) 条耳鹎 (條耳鵯) tiáo ěr bēi 'stripe-eared bulbul' (5)	ミミジロヒヨドリ (耳白鵯) mimi-jiro hiyo-dori 'white-eared bulbul-bird'	นกปรอดสวน nók pa-ròaat sŭan 'garden bulbul (bird)'	Burung Merbah Telinga Luris 'line-eared bulbul (bird)' (24, 26) Burung Merbah Telinga Lurus 'line-eared bulbul (bird)' (27)
Brachypodius
Latin	English/French	Vietnamese	Other V	Chinese	Japanese	Thai	Malaysian	Indonesian
Brachypodius atriceps Pycnonotus atriceps	Black-headed bulbul Bulbul cap-nègre	Chim Chào mào vàng đầu đen 'black-headed yellow bulbul1 (bird)' (12)	Chim Chào mào vàng ngực đen 'black-breasted yellow bulbul1 (bird)' (34)	黑头鹎 (黑頭鵯) hēi-tóu bēi 'black-headed bulbul'	ズグロヒヨドリ (頭黒鵯) zu-guro hiyo-dori 'black-headed bulbul-bird'	นกปรอดทอง nók pa-ròaat tʰoaaŋ 'gold bulbul (bird)'	Burung Merbah Siam 'Siamese bulbul (bird)' (24, 26, 27)	Burung Cucak Kuricang 'blackheaded-bulbul bulbul1 (bird)' (cucak = Javanese 'bulbul')

Hemixos flavala castanonotus is treated as a separate species by some authorities:
Hemixos castanonotus
Hypsipetes castanonotus
栗背短脚鹎
(栗背短腳鵯)
lì-bèi duǎn-jiǎo-bēi
'chestnut-backed short-legged bulbul'

Hemixos flavala castanonotus is treated as a separate species by some authorities:
Chim Cành cạch hung
'reddish canh cach (onomat.) (bird)' (13)
Chim Cành cạch nâu
'brown canh cach (onomat.) (bird)' (33)

โอ่ง òoŋ is a traditional form of very large earthenware jar with rounded sides which is typically used for water storage. Criniger bulbuls often fluff out their neck feathers in a way which suggests the shape of that waterjar.

中国鸟类种和亚种分类名录大全（修订版） 郑作新 著 科学出版社 北京 2000年
A Complete Checklist of Species and Subspecies of the Chinese Birds (Revised Edition) by Cheng Tso-Hsin, Science Press, Beijing 2000

中国鸟类分类与分布名录 主编：郑光美 科学出版社 北京 2005年
A Checklist on the Classification and Distribution of the Birds of China Chief editor: Zheng Guangmei, Science Press, Beijing 2005

中国鸟类野外手册（中文版）约翰・马敬能、卡伦・菲利普斯，合作者：荷芬奇，翻译：卢和芬 湖南教育出版社 长沙 2000年
A Field Guide to the Birds of China (Chinese translation) by John MacKinnon, Karen Phillipps, in collaboration with He Fen-qi, translated by Lu Hefen, Hunan Jiaoyu Chubanshe (Hunan Educational Press) Changsha 2000

世界鸟类分类与分布名录 主编：郑光美 科学出版社 北京 2002年
A Checklist on the Classification and Distribution of the Birds of the World Chief editor: Zheng Guangmei, Science Press, Beijing 2002

世界鸟类名称（拉丁文、汉文、英文对照）第二版 郑作新等 科学出版社 北京 2002年
Birds of the World (Latin, Chinese and English Names) 2nd ed. by Cheng Tso-Hsin et al, Science Press, Beijing 2002

Danh Lục Chim Việt Nam (In lần thứ hai) (Checklist of the Birds of Vietnam) Võ Quý, Nguyễn Cử, Nhà Xuất Bản Nông Nghiệp, Hà Nội 1999

Chim Việt Nam Nguyễn Cử, Lê Trọng Trải, Karen Phillipps; Nhà Xuất Bản Lao Động - Xã Hội, 2000

Senarai Nama-nama Burung Semenanjung Malaysia dan Asia Tenggara by Ismail, Abdul Rahman, Perhilitan (Jabatam Perlindungan Hidupan Liar dan Taman Negara, Semenanjung Malaysia), Kuala Lumpur 1981
(List of the Names of Birds of Peninsular Malaysia and Southeast Asia by Ismail, Abdul Rahman, Department of Wildlife and National Parks, Peninsular Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 1981)

A Field Guide to the Birds of West Malaysia and Singapore by Jeyarajasingam, Allen and Alan Pearson, Oxford University Press, Oxford 1999

The Birds of the Thai-Malay Peninsula: Vol. 2 - Passerines by Wells, David R., Christopher Helm, A&C Black, London 2007

Danh Lục Các Loài Chim ở Việt Nam (Latinh, Việt, Pháp, Hán) Trần Văn Chánh 2008-2009