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Pycnonotidae
鹎科
bēi kē

鵯科
bēi kē

ヒヨドリ科
hiyo-dori ka

리직박구리과
jikbakguri-gwa

Họ Chào mào

Бөлбөлийнхөн
bölböliŋkhöŋ

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General

Information is from dictionaries and other sources. Pinyin reflects Mandarin pronunciation; for some dialect names, it is no more than a polite fiction. Korean glosses are tentative. Comments and corrections welcome. Hover over Green Lettering Green lettering at this site hides a tool tip with glosses, further explanations, etc. Hover cursor to reveal. to see additional information.

The bulbuls are all ornithologically known in Chinese as bēi. This appears to be derived from the Japanese name of Hypsipetes amaurotis (Brown-eared Bulbul), which is written in Chinese characters and pronounced hiyo-dori. The Japanese character usage is based on the old Chinese names 鹎鵊 and 鹎颊 (both bēi-jiá).

However, unlike other borrowings from Japanese, this name is not found in the earliest ornithological list of Chinese bird names (Chinese Birds (35) in 1927), which instead uses 布鲁布鲁 bùlǔ bùlǔ, from English 'bulbul', in turn borrowed from Indian usage.

There has been some regularisation of the Chinese ornithological names.

1. 冠鹎 guān-bēi 'crested bulbul' is used for the genus Alophoixus.

2. 短脚鹎 duǎn-jiǎo-bēi 'short-legged bulbul' is used for the old Hypsipetes genus, now four genera (Iole, Hemixos, Ixos, and Hypsipetes).

3. 雀嘴鹎 què-zuǐ-bēi 'finch-billed bulbul' is used for the genus Spizixos (finchbills). While traditionally refers to small songbirds such as sparrows and finches in Chinese, in this case it is clearly used as the translation-equivalent of English 'finch'.

The word bēi 'bulbul' is also used in the Chinese ornithological names of the leafbirds (Irenidae).

A couple of bulbuls have vernacular Chinese names comparing them to old men or women. The most commonly seen bulbul, the Light-vented Bulbul (Pycnonotus sinensis), is known as 白头翁 bái-tóu wēng or 'white-headed old-man', referring to the white patch on the nape which becomes even whiter as the bird gets older. This name is still ornithologically used in Taiwan but has been changed to 白头鹎 bái-tóu bēi 'white-headed bulbul' in Mainland ornithological usage. Some vernacular southern names feature the word gōng meaning 'old man' or 'grandfather': 白头公 bái-tóu gōng 'white-headed old-man' is used for for Pycnonotus sinensis and 蓝头公 lán-tóu-gōng 'blue-headed old-man' for Spizixos semitorques (Collared Finchbill).

(It should be noted that 白头翁 bái-tóu wēng 'white-headed old-man' is not necessarily confined to the bulbuls. The equivalent Japanese and Vietnamese terms, 白頭翁 hakutō-ō and Bạch đầu ông respectively, refer to varieties of starling. In Chinese the homophonous term 白头鶲 bái-tóu wēng 'white-headed flycatcher' is an old vernacular name for the Pied Wheatear Oenanthe pleschanka.)

Species names

› ABOUT THIS TABLE‹
SCIENTIFIC & ENGLISH
CHINESE
EAST
SOUTH
NORTH
Alophoixus
Latin
English
Chinese
Chinese (Taiwan)
Other Ch
Japanese
Korean
Vietnamese
Mongolian
Alophoixus flaveolus
Criniger flaveolus
link to photo
White-throated bulbul
Ashy-fronted bearded bulbul
Yellow-bellied bulbul
黄腹冠鹎
(黃腹冠鵯)
huáng-fù guān-bēi
'yellow-bellied crested bulbul'
    キバラカンムリヒヨ
(黄腹冠鵯)
ki-bara kanmuri hiyo
'yellow-bellied crested bulbul'
     
Alophoixus pallidus
Criniger pallidus
link to photo
Puff-throated bulbul
Olivaceous bearded bulbul
White-throated bulbul
白喉冠鹎
(白喉冠鵯)
bái-hóu guān-bēi
'white-throated crested bulbul'
  中国褐色凤头布鲁布鲁
(中國褐色鳳頭布魯布魯)
zhōng-guó hè-sè fèng-tóu bùlǔ bùlǔ
'Chinese brown phoenix-headed bulbul' (from English 'bulbul') (early ornithological) (35)
ノドジロカンムリヒヨ
(喉白冠鵯)
nodo-jiro kanmuri hiyo
'white-throated crested bulbul'
  Chim Cành cạch lớn
'large bulbul2 (bird)' (onomat.) (12)
 
Iole
Latin
English
Chinese
Chinese (Taiwan)
Other Ch
Japanese
Korean
Vietnamese
Mongolian
Iole propinqua
Hypsipetes propinquus
link to photo
Grey-eyed bulbul 灰眼短脚鹎
(灰眼短腳鵯)
huī-yǎn duǎn-jiǎo-bēi
'grey-eyed short-legged bulbul'
    メジロヒヨドリ
(目白鵯)
me-jiro hiyo-dori
'white-eyed bulbul-bird'
  Hypsipetes propinquus (12):
Chim Cành cạch nhỏ
'small bulbul2 (bird)' (onomat.) (12, 34)
 
Hemixos
Latin
English
Chinese
Chinese (Taiwan)
Other Ch
Japanese
Korean
Vietnamese
Mongolian
Hemixos flavala
Hypsipetes flavalus
link to photolink to photo
Ashy bulbul 灰短脚鹎
(灰短腳鵯)
huī duǎn-jiǎo-bēi
'grey short-legged bulbul'
›Taxonomy‹
  栗背短脚鹎
(栗背短腳鵯)
lì-bèi duǎn-jiǎo-bēi
'chestnut-backed short-legged bulbul' (10 - H. f. castanonotus)
褐色耳布鲁布鲁
(褐色耳布魯布魯)
hè-sè ěr bùlǔ bùlǔ
'brown-eared bulbul' (from English 'bulbul') (early ornithological) (35)
ハイイロヒヨドリ
(灰色鵯)
hai-iro hiyo-dori
'grey bulbul-bird'
  Hypsipetes flavalus (12):
Chim Cành cạch xám
'grey bulbul2 (bird)' (onomat.) (12, 34)
›Taxonomy‹
 
Ixos
Latin
English
Chinese
Chinese (Taiwan)
Other Ch
Japanese
Korean
Vietnamese
Mongolian
Ixos mcclellandii
Hypsipetes mcclellandii
link to photo
Mountain bulbul
Mountain streaked bulbul
Green-winged bulbul
McClelland's bulbul
绿翅短脚鹎
(綠翅短腳鵯)
lǜ-chì duǎn-jiǎo-bēi
'green-winged short-legged bulbul' (1, 2, 3, 4)
麦克氏短脚鹎
(麥克氏短腳鵯)
màikè-shì duǎn-jiǎo-bēi
'Mr Maike's short-legged bulbul' (5)
  纹喉鹎
(紋喉鵯)
wén-hóu bēi
'fine-pattern-throated bulbul'
Iole mcclellandii holti:
绿膀布鲁布鲁
(綠膀布魯布魯)
lǜ-bǎng bùlǔ bùlǔ
'green-winged bulbul' (from English 'bulbul') (early ornithological) (35)
ミヤマヒヨドリ
(深山鵯)
mi-yama hiyo-dori
'deep-mountain bulbul-bird'
  Hypsipetes maclellandi (12, 13):
Chim Cành cạch núi
'mountain bulbul2 (bird)' (onomat.) (12, 13, 34)
 
Hypsipetes
Latin
English
Chinese
Chinese (Taiwan)
Other Ch
Japanese
Korean
Vietnamese
Mongolian
Hypsipetes amaurotis
Microscelis amaurotis
Ixos amaurotis
link to photolink to photo
Brown-eared bulbul
Chestnut-eared bulbul
栗耳短脚鹎
(栗耳短腳鵯)
lì-ěr duǎn-jiǎo-bēi
'chestnut-eared short-legged bulbul'
(棕耳鹎)
棕耳鵯
zōng ěr bēi
'reddishbrown-eared bulbul'
蓝布鲁布鲁
(藍布魯布魯)
lán bùlǔ bùlǔ
'blue bulbul' (from English 'bulbul') (early ornithological) (35)
ヒヨドリ
()
hiyo-dori
'bulbul-bird'
직박구리
jikbakguri
'bulbul'
   
Hypsipetes leucocephalus
link to photo
Black bulbul 黑短脚鹎
(黑短腳鵯)
hēi duǎn-jiǎo-bēi
'black short-legged bulbul'
or
黑鹎
(黑鵯)
hēi-bēi
'black bulbul' (alt in 1, 3)
›Taxonomy‹
(红嘴黑鹎)
紅嘴黑鵯
hóng-zuǐ hēi-bēi
'red-billed black bulbul'
山白头
(白山頭)
shān bái-tóu
'mountain white head' (35)
白头黑鹎
(白頭黑鵯)
bái-tóu hēi-bēi
'white-headed black bulbul'
白头黑布鲁布鲁
(白頭黑布魯布魯)
bái-tóu hēi bùlǔ bùlǔ
'white-headed black bulbul' (from English 'bulbul') (early ornithological) (35)
クロヒヨドリ
(黒鵯)
kuro hiyo-dori
'black bulbul-bird'
  Hypsipetes madagascariensis (12):
Chim Cành cạch đen
'black bulbul2 (bird)' (onomat.) (12, 13, 34)
Inner Mongolian:
Хар хүрэн шагшуур
ᠬᠠᠷ᠎ᠠ ᠬᠦᠷᠡᠩ ᠱᠠᠭᠱᠣᠣᠷ
khar khüreŋ shagshuur
'black brown bulbul' (31)
Spizixos
Latin
English
Chinese
Chinese (Taiwan)
Other Ch
Japanese
Korean
Vietnamese
Mongolian
Spizixos canifrons
link to photolink to photo
Crested finchbill
Crested finch-billed bulbul
Crest finch-billed bulbul
凤头雀嘴鹎
(鳳頭雀嘴鵯)
fèng-tóu què-zuǐ bēi
'phoenix-headed finch-billed bulbul'
  印度圆最布鲁布鲁
(印度圓嘴布魯布魯)
yìndù yuán-zǔi bùlǔ bùlǔ
'Indian round-billed bulbul' (from English 'bulbul') (early ornithological) (35)
カンムリカヤノボリ
(冠萱昇)
kanmuri kaya-nobori
'crested thatch climber'
  Chim Chào mào mỏ lớn
'large-billed bulbul1 (bird)' (12, 34)
 
Spizixos semitorques
link to photo
Collared finchbill
Collared finch-billed bulbul
Swinhoe's finch-billed bulbul
领雀嘴鹎
(領雀嘴鵯)
lǐng què-zuǐ bēi
'collared finch-billed bulbul' (1, 2, 3, 4)
绿鹦嘴鹎
(綠鸚嘴鵯)
lǜ yīng-zuǐ bēi
'green parrot-billed bulbul' (5)
(白环鹦嘴鹎)
白環鸚嘴鵯
bái-huán yīng-zuǐ bēi
'white-ringed parrot-billed bulbul'
蓝头公
(藍頭公)
lán-tóu-gōng
'blue-headed old-man' (southern) (35)
中国圆最布鲁布鲁
(中國圓嘴布魯布魯)
zhōng-guó yuán-zǔi bùlǔ bùlǔ
'Chinese round-billed bulbul' (from English 'bulbul') (early ornithological) (35)
カヤノボリ
(萱昇)
kaya-nobori
'thatch climber'
  Chim Chào mào khoang cổ
'streak-necked bulbul1 (bird)' (12, 13, 34)
 
Pycnonotus
Latin
English
Chinese
Chinese (Taiwan)
Other Ch
Japanese
Korean
Vietnamese
Mongolian
Pycnonotus striatus
link to photo
Striated bulbul
Striped bulbul
Striated green bulbul
纵纹绿鹎
(縱紋綠鵯)
zòng-wén lǜ-bēi
'vertical pattern green bulbul'
  绿布鲁布鲁
(綠布魯布魯)
lǜ bùlǔ bùlǔ
'green bulbul' (from English 'bulbul') (early ornithological) (35)
タテフヒヨドリ
(縦斑鵯)
tate-fu hiyo-dori
'vertical-striped bulbul-bird'
  Chim Chào mào vạch
'lined bulbul1 (bird)' (12, 34)
 
Pycnonotus melanicterus
link to photo
Black-crested bulbul
Black-crested yellow bulbul
黑冠黄鹎
(黑冠黃鵯)
hēi-guān huáng bēi
'black-crested yellow bulbul'
    エボシヒヨドリ
(烏帽子鵯)
eboshi hiyo-dori
'court-headdress bulbul-bird'
  Chim Chào mào vàng mào đen
'black-crested yellow bulbul1 (bird)' (12)
 
Pycnonotus jocosus
link to photo
Red-whiskered bulbul 红耳鹎
(紅耳鵯)
hóng-ěr bēi
'red-eared bulbul'
  红颊鹎
(紅頰鵯)
hóng-jiá bēi
'red-cheeked bulbul'
红颊布鲁布鲁
(紅頰布魯布魯)
hóng-jiá bùlǔ bùlǔ
'red-cheeked bulbul' (from English 'bulbul') (early ornithological) (35)
高鸡冠
(高雞冠)
gāo jīguān
'high coxcomb'
コウラウン
(紅羅雲)
kōra'un
'red silk cloud (?)'
  Chim Chào mào
'bulbul1 (bird)' (12, 13, 34)
 
Pycnonotus xanthorrhous
link to photo
Brown-breasted bulbul
Anderson's bulbul
Yellow-vented bulbul
黄臀鹎
(黃臀鵯)
huáng-tún bēi
'yellow-bottomed bulbul'
    ノドジロヒヨドリ
(喉白鵯)
nodo-jiro hiyo-dori
'white-throated bulbul-bird'
  Chim Bông lau ngực nâu
'brown-breasted reed-blossom bird' (12, 13, 34)
 
Latin
English
Chinese
Chinese (Taiwan)
Other Ch
Japanese
Korean
Vietnamese
Mongolian
Pycnonotus sinensus
link to photo
Light-vented bulbul
Chinese bulbul
白头鹎
(白頭鵯)
bái-tóu bēi
'white-headed bulbul'
(白头翁)
白頭翁
bái-tóu wēng
'white-headed old-man'
白头婆
(白頭婆)
bái-tóu pō
'white-headed old-woman'
白头公
(白頭公)
bái-tóu gōng
'white-headed old-man' (southern) (35)
シロガシラ
(白頭)
shiro-gashira
'white head'
줄무늬머리직박구리
julmunui-meori-jikbakguri
'stripe-headed bulbul'
or
검은이마직박구리
geomeun-ima-jikbakguri
'black-eyebrowed bulbul'
Chim Bông lau Trung Quốc
'Chinese reed-blossom bird' (12, 13)
Inner M:
Толгои алаг шагшуур
ᠲᠣᠯᠣᠭᠠᠢ ᠠᠯᠠᠭ ᠱᠠᠭᠱᠣᠣᠷ
tolgoi alag shagshuur
'white-head bulbul' (31)
Other:
Алаг толгой
ᠠᠯᠠᠭ ᠲᠣᠯᠣᠭᠠᠢ
alag tolgoi
'motley head'
Шарь шувуухай
ᠱᠠᠷᠢ ᠰᠢᠪᠠᠤᠬᠠᠢ
shar' shuvuukhai
'shar' birdlet'
Pycnonotus cafer
link to photo
Red-vented bulbul 黑喉红臀鹎
(黑厚紅臀鵯)
hēi-hóu hóng-tún bēi
'black-throated red-bottomed bulbul'
    シリアカヒヨドリ
(尻赤鵯)
shiri-aka hiyo-dori
'red-bottomed bulbul-bird'
  Chim Bông lau đít đỏ
'red-vented reed-blossom bird' (12) (conflicts with the name for Pycnonotus aurigaster in 13)
 
Pycnonotus aurigaster
link to photo
Sooty-headed bulbul
White-eared bulbul
Golden-vented bulbul
Red-vented bulbul
白喉红臀鹎
(白厚紅臀鵯)
bái-hóu hóng-tún bēi
'white-throated red-bottomed bulbul'
    コシジロヒヨドリ
(腰白鵯)
koshi-jiro hiyo-dori
'white-rumped bulbul-bird'
  Chim Bông lau tai trắng
'white-eared reed-blossom bird' (12)
Inner M:
Тоорцогт алаг шагшуур
ᠲᠣᠭᠣᠷᠴᠣᠬᠲᠣ ᠠᠯᠠᠭ ᠱᠠᠭᠱᠣᠣᠷ
toortsogt alag shagshuur
'coiffured motley bulbul' (31)
Pycnonotus finlaysoni
link to photo
Stripe-throated bulbul 纹喉鹎
(紋厚鵯)
wén-hóu bēi
'fine-pattern-throated bulbul'
    キビタイヒヨドリ
(黄額鵯)
ki-bitai hiyo-dori
'yellow-foreheaded bulbul-bird'
  Chim Bông lau họng vạch
'line-throated reed-blossom bird' (12)
 
Pycnonotus flavescens
link to photo
Flavescent bulbul
Flavescent green bulbul
Round-tailed green bulbul
黄绿鹎
(黃綠鵯)
huáng lǜ bēi
'yellow-green bulbul'
  圆尾绿鹎
(圓尾綠鵯)
yuán-wěi lǜ bēi
'round-tailed green bulbul' (6)
圆尾绿布鲁布鲁
(圓尾綠布魯布魯)
yuán-wěi lǜ bùlǔ bùlǔ
'round-tailed green bulbul' (from English 'bulbul') (early ornithological) (35)
カオジロヒヨドリ
(顔白鵯)
kao-jiro hiyo-dori
'white-faced bulbul' bird
  Chim Bông lau vàng
'yellow reed-blossom bird' (12, 34)
Ухаа бөлбөл
ᠬᠣᠧᠨ ᠪᠦᠯᠪᠦ᠋ᠯ
ukhaa bölböl
'reddish bulbul'
Brachypodius
Latin
English
Chinese
Chinese (Taiwan)
Other Ch
Japanese
Korean
Vietnamese
Mongolian
Brachypodius atriceps
Pycnonotus atriceps
link to photolink to photo
Black-headed bulbul 黑头鹎
(黑頭鵯)
hēi-tóu bēi
'black-headed bulbul'
    ズグロヒヨドリ
(頭黒鵯)
zu-guro hiyo-dori
'black-headed bulbul-bird'
  Chim Chào mào vàng đầu đen
'black-headed yellow bulbul1 (bird)' (12)
Inner M:
Тоорцогт нохой шагшуур
ᠲᠣᠭᠣᠷᠴᠣᠭᠲᠣ ᠨᠣᠬᠠᠢ ᠱᠠᠭᠱᠣᠣᠷ
toortsogt nokhoi shagshuur
'button-capped dog bulbul' (31)

The term Шувуухай shuvuukhai here refers to a small bird. Шувуухай shuvuukhai is an old term used to refer to a number of generally exotic small species, including the sunbirds (Nectariniidae), the broadbills (Eurylaimidae), and the bee-eaters (Meropidae), as well as the Wren and the Treecreeper. In the traditional script there are two alternative spellings: sibaoqai and sibagoqai.

This name refers to the Тоорцог toortsog, a traditional type of Mongolian cap that is buttoned on top. One particular example of this can be found here.

Hemixos flavala castanonotus is treated as a separate species by some authorities:
Hemixos castanonotus
Hypsipetes castanonotus
栗背短脚鹎
(栗背短腳鵯)
lì-bèi duǎn-jiǎo-bēi
'chestnut-backed short-legged bulbul'

Hemixos flavala castanonotus is treated as a separate species by some authorities:
Chim Cành cạch hung
'reddish canh cach (onomat.) (bird)' (13)
Chim Cành cạch nâu
'brown canh cach (onomat.) (bird)' (33)

中国鸟类种和亚种分类名录大全(修订版) 郑作新 著 科学出版社 北京 2000年
A Complete Checklist of Species and Subspecies of the Chinese Birds (Revised Edition) by Cheng Tso-Hsin, Science Press, Beijing 2000

中国鸟类分类与分布名录 主编:郑光美 科学出版社 北京 2005年
A Checklist on the Classification and Distribution of the Birds of China Chief editor: Zheng Guangmei, Science Press, Beijing 2005

中国鸟类野外手册(中文版)约翰・马敬能、卡伦・菲利普斯,合作者:荷芬奇,翻译:卢和芬 湖南教育出版社 长沙 2000年
A Field Guide to the Birds of China (Chinese translation) by John MacKinnon, Karen Phillipps, in collaboration with He Fen-qi, translated by Lu Hefen, Hunan Jiaoyu Chubanshe (Hunan Educational Press) Changsha 2000

世界鸟类分类与分布名录 主编:郑光美 科学出版社 北京 2002年
A Checklist on the Classification and Distribution of the Birds of the World Chief editor: Zheng Guangmei, Science Press, Beijing 2002

世界鸟类名称(拉丁文、汉文、英文对照)第二版 郑作新等 科学出版社 北京 2002年
Birds of the World (Latin, Chinese and English Names) 2nd ed. by Cheng Tso-Hsin et al, Science Press, Beijing 2002

中国鸟类分布名录 第二版 郑作新 科学出版社 北京 1976年
(Checklist of the Classification of Birds of China 2nd edition by Cheng Tso-Hsin, Science Press, Beijing 1976)

Pocket Checklist of the Birds of the Republic of Singapore / Senai Jenis-Jenis Burung di Singapura / 新加坡野鸟目录 by Lim Kim Seng Nature Society (Singapore) 1999

Danh Lục Chim Việt Nam (In lần thứ hai) (Checklist of the Birds of Vietnam) Võ Quý, Nguyễn Cử, Nhà Xuất Bản Nông Nghiệp, Hà Nội 1999

Chim Việt Nam Nguyễn Cử, Lê Trọng Trải, Karen Phillipps; Nhà Xuất Bản Lao Động - Xã Hội, 2000

汉蒙名词术语分类词典(自然科学部分) Mongolian (Cyrillic): Хятад Монгол нэр томъёоны зүйл хуваасан толь (байгалийн шинжлэх ухааны бүлэг) (Chinese-Mongolian classified terminological dictionary, natural sciences part) by 《汉蒙名词术语分类词典》编纂委员会 Mongolian (Cyrillic): "Хятад Монгол нэр томъёоны зүйл хуваасан толь" найруулах комисс (Chinese-Mongolian classified terminological dictionary editorial committee), Inner Mongolian People's Press, Hohhot 1990

Chim Việt Nam Nguyễn Cử, Lê Trọng Trải, Karen Phillipps; Nhà Xuất Bản Lao Động - Xã Hội, 2000

Danh Lục Các Loài Chim ở Việt Nam (Latinh, Việt, Pháp, Hán) Trần Văn Chánh 2008-2009

Chinese Birds (A Tentative List of Chinese Birds) 中國鳥類(中國鳥類目錄試編) N. Gist Gee, Lacy I. Moffett, G. D. Wilder (祁天錫, 慕維德, 萬卓志), Peiping, 1927 (reprinted 1948)