Aegithalidae
วงศ์นกติตหัวแดง
woŋ nók tìt hŭa-daeeŋ

General

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Tits are not a prominent part of the Thai avifauna and did not have their own general name in Thai until one was assigned by a modern ornithologist. Prior to that time tits, and the other smallest insect-eating native birds, were collectively referred to by the onomatopoetic name นกกระจิบ nók krà-cìp, which is today ornithologically restricted to the tailorbirds (genus Orthotomus) and prinias (Cisticolidae).

The new Thai tit general name was closely patterned after English usage, not only resembling English 'tit' in sound, but also applied to the same three families called tits in English (Paridae, Remizidae, and Aegithalidae).

There have actually been three successive Thai tit general names in recent years. Although similar in appearance, each is spelt differently and is pronounced with a different tone.

1. The first tit name นกติ้ด nók tît (here called 'tit₁') is used in the text of (18), but not in the index. It is also used in most of the names in (19).

2. The second tit name นกติ๊ด nók tít (here called 'tit₂') initially appears in the index of (18), in two names in (19), and exclusively in (20 and 20a).

3. The third (and current) tit name นกติต nók tìt (here called 'tit₃') is used exclusively in (21, 22, and 23).

In (18) and in (19) the use of two different tit names is clearly unintentional, most likely resulting from typesetting errors which were too costly to correct at the time. Because these books have been widely used for many years, their versions of the tit names are included here in the tables exactly as printed. Complete replacement of the first tit name นกติ้ด nók tît 'tit₁' in (20) by the original author suggests that the second tit name นกติ๊ด nók tít 'tit₂' is the form intended from the start.

However, the second tit name นกติ๊ด nók tít 'tit₂' is susceptible to misinterpretation. There is an old munia general name นกกระติ๊ด nók krà-tít (or นกกะติ๊ด nók kà-tít) which has been ornithologically regularised as a general name for estrildids (Estrildidae), and also extended to grosbeaks (Fringillidae). Historically, there is no evidence that tits and munias (or tits and grosbeaks) have ever shared the same Thai names. The inclusion of ติ๊ด tít in both the modern name นกติ๊ด nók tít 'tit₂' and in the old name นกก(ร)ะติ๊ด nók k(r)à-tít 'munia' could be incorrectly interpreted as implying a relationship between the two groups.

It is to eliminate these unwanted implications that the third tit general name นกติต nók tìt 'tit₃' was adopted. In addition to a change in tone, orthographically it also has a different final consonant.

Family name

In naming the family, (20) modified the names for the other two tit families, leaving the Aegithalidae alone as วงศ์นกติ๊ด woŋ nók-tít 'tit family', but this practice has not been followed elsewhere. More recent practice (22, 23) has been to use วงศ์นกติต woŋ nók tìt 'tit family' for the Paridae, and instead use to use วงศ์นกติตหัวแดง woŋ nók tìt hŭa-daeeŋ 'red-headed tit family' for the Aegithalidae, naming the family after the only native species.

Species names

SCIENTIFIC & WESTERN		THAI		S.E. ASIAN			EAST ASIAN
Aegithalos
Latin	English	Thai	Other Th	Malaysian	Indonesian	Vietnamese	Chinese	Japanese
Aegithalos concinnus	Black-throated tit Red-headed tit	นกติตหัวแดง nók tìt hŭa-daeeŋ 'red-headed tit₃ (bird)' (21, 22, 23) (conflicts with Cephalopyrus flammiceps)	นกติ๊ดหัวแดง nók tít hŭa-daeeŋ 'red-headed tit₂ (bird)' (19, 20, 20a) นกติตคอดำ nók tìt kʰoaa-dam 'black-necked tit₃(bird)' (alt in 21) นกติ้ดหัวแดง nók tît hŭa-daeeŋ 'red-headed tit₁ (bird)' (18)			Chim Bạc má đuôi dài 'long-tailed silver-cheek bird (=tit)' (12, 34)	红头长尾山雀 (紅頭長尾山雀) hóng-tóu cháng-wěi shān-què 'red-headed long-tailed mountain-finch' or 红头山雀 (紅頭山雀) hóng-tóu shān-què 'red-headed mountain-finch' (alt in 1, 3) Taiwan: (红头山雀) 紅頭山雀 hóng-tóu shān-què 'red-headed mountain-finch'	ズアカエナガ (頭赤柄長) zu-aka e-naga 'red-headed long handle'

นกติ้ด nók tît 'tit₁' in (18, 19) is used for birds called 'tits' in English. In addition to the Aegithalidae, these include the Paridae and the Remizidae.

นกติ๊ด nók tít 'tit₂' in (18, 19, 20, 20a) is used for birds called 'tits' in English. In addition to the Aegithalidae, these include the Paridae and the Remizidae. นกติ๊ด nók tít 'tit₂' is not related to older นกก(ร)ะติ๊ด nók k(r)à-tít 'munia', used in most estrildid (Estrildidae) names and also for grosbeaks (Fringillidae), although both include ติ๊ด tít.

นกติต nók tìt 'tit₃' in (21, 22, 23) is used for all birds called 'tits' in English. In addition to the Aegithalidae, these include the Paridae and the Remizidae.

中国鸟类种和亚种分类名录大全（修订版） 郑作新 著 科学出版社 北京 2000年
A Complete Checklist of Species and Subspecies of the Chinese Birds (Revised Edition) by Cheng Tso-Hsin, Science Press, Beijing 2000

中国鸟类野外手册（中文版）约翰・马敬能、卡伦・菲利普斯，合作者：荷芬奇，翻译：卢和芬 湖南教育出版社 长沙 2000年
A Field Guide to the Birds of China (Chinese translation) by John MacKinnon, Karen Phillipps, in collaboration with He Fen-qi, translated by Lu Hefen, Hunan Jiaoyu Chubanshe (Hunan Educational Press) Changsha 2000

Danh Lục Chim Việt Nam (In lần thứ hai) (Checklist of the Birds of Vietnam) Võ Quý, Nguyễn Cử, Nhà Xuất Bản Nông Nghiệp, Hà Nội 1999

Chim Việt Nam Nguyễn Cử, Lê Trọng Trải, Karen Phillipps; Nhà Xuất Bản Lao Động - Xã Hội, 2000

Bird Guide of Thailand by Lekagul, Boonsong, Ramin Press, Bangkok 1968

Bird Guide of Thailand 2nd edition by Lekagul, Boonsong and Edward W. Cronin, Jr., Kurusapa Ladprao Press, Bangkok 1974

A guide to the Birds of Thailand by Lekagul, Boonsong and Philip D. Round, Saha Karn Bhaet Co., Ltd., Bangkok 1991

Check-list of Thai Birds Round, Philip D., Bird Conservation Society of Thailand, Bangkok 2008. Draft version downloaded from the site of the Bird Conservation Society of Thailand in 2009 but no longer posted there, an expanded update of the species included in Lekagul & Round 1991

นกในเมืองไทย (Birds in Thailand) by รศ. โอภาส ขอบเขตต์ (Assoc. Prof. Obhas Khobkhet), Sarakadee Press, Bangkok 1998

นกเมืองไทย (Birds [of] Thailand) by จารุจินต์ นภีตะภัฏ, กานต์ เลขะกุล, วัชระ สงวนสมบติ (Jarujin Nabhitabata, Karn Lekagul, Wachara Sanguansombat), คณะบุคคล นายแพทย์ บุญส่ง เลขะกุล (Dr Boonsong Lekagul Group), Bangkok 2007

นกเมืองไทย (Birds [of] Thailand) by จารุจินต์ นภีตะภัฏ, กานต์ เลขะกุล, วัชระ สงวนสมบติ (Jarujin Nabhitabata, Karn Lekagul, Wachara Sanguansombat), คณะบุคคล นายแพทย์ บุญส่ง เลขะกุล (Dr Boonsong Lekagul Group), Bangkok 2012

Danh Lục Các Loài Chim ở Việt Nam (Latinh, Việt, Pháp, Hán) Trần Văn Chánh 2008-2009