General
Information is from dictionaries and other sources. Comments and corrections welcome. Hover over Green Lettering to see additional information.
Tits are not a prominent part of the Thai avifauna and did not have their own general name in Thai until one was assigned by a modern ornithologist. Prior to that time tits, and the other smallest insect-eating native birds, were collectively referred to by the onomatopoetic name นกกระจิบ nók krà-cìp, which is today ornithologically restricted to the tailorbirds (genus Orthotomus) and prinias (Cisticolidae).
The new Thai tit general name was closely patterned after English usage, not only resembling English 'tit' in sound, but also applied to the same three families called tits in English (Paridae, Remizidae, and Aegithalidae).
There have actually been three successive Thai tit general names in recent years. Although similar in appearance, each is spelt differently and is pronounced with a different tone.
1. The first tit name นกติ้ด nók tît (here called 'tit1') is used in the text of (18), but not in the index. It is also used in most of the names in (19).
2. The second tit name นกติ๊ด nók tít (here called 'tit2') initially appears in the index of (18), in two names in (19), and exclusively in (20 and 20a).
3. The third (and current) tit name นกติต nók tìt (here called 'tit3') is used exclusively in (21, 22, and 23).
In (18) and in (19) the use of two different tit names is clearly unintentional, most likely resulting from typesetting errors which were too costly to correct at the time. Because these books have been widely used for many years, their versions of the tit names are included here in the tables exactly as printed. Complete replacement of the first tit name นกติ้ด nók tît 'tit1' in (20) by the original author suggests that the second tit name นกติ๊ด nók tít 'tit2' is the form intended from the start.
However, the second tit name นกติ๊ด nók tít 'tit2' is susceptible to misinterpretation. There is an old munia general name นกกระติ๊ด nók krà-tít (or นกกะติ๊ด nók kà-tít) which has been ornithologically regularised as a general name for estrildids (Estrildidae), and also extended to grosbeaks (Fringillidae). Historically, there is no evidence that tits and munias (or tits and grosbeaks) have ever shared the same Thai names. The inclusion of ติ๊ด tít in both the modern name นกติ๊ด nók tít 'tit2' and in the old name นกก(ร)ะติ๊ด nók k(r)à-tít 'munia' could be incorrectly interpreted as implying a relationship between the two groups.
It is to eliminate these unwanted implications that the third tit general name นกติต nók tìt 'tit3' was adopted. In addition to a change in tone, orthographically it also has a different final consonant.
Family name
In naming the family, (20) modified the names for the other two tit families, leaving the Aegithalidae alone as วงศ์นกติ๊ด woŋ nók-tít 'tit family', but this practice has not been followed elsewhere. More recent practice (22, 23) has been to use วงศ์นกติต woŋ nók tìt 'tit family' for the Paridae, and instead use to use วงศ์นกติตหัวแดง woŋ nók tìt hŭa-daeeŋ 'red-headed tit family' for the Aegithalidae, naming the family after the only native species.
Species names
SCIENTIFIC & WESTERN |
THAI |
S.E. ASIAN |
EAST ASIAN |
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Aegithalos | ||||||||
Latin |
English |
Thai |
Other Th |
Malaysian |
Indonesian |
Vietnamese |
Chinese |
Japanese |
Aegithalos concinnus![]() ![]() |
Black-throated tit Red-headed tit |
นกติตหัวแดง nók tìt hŭa-daeeŋ 'red-headed tit3 (bird)' (21, 22, 23) (conflicts with Cephalopyrus flammiceps) |
นกติ๊ดหัวแดง nók tít hŭa-daeeŋ 'red-headed tit2 (bird)' (19, 20, 20a) นกติตคอดำ nók tìt kʰoaa-dam 'black-necked tit3(bird)' (alt in 21) นกติ้ดหัวแดง nók tît hŭa-daeeŋ 'red-headed tit1 (bird)' (18) |
Chim Bạc má đuôi dài 'long-tailed silver-cheek bird (=tit)' (12, 34) |
红头长尾山雀 (紅頭長尾山雀) 'red-headed long-tailed mountain-finch' or 红头山雀 (紅頭山雀) 'red-headed mountain-finch' (alt in 1, 3) Taiwan: (红头山雀) 紅頭山雀 'red-headed mountain-finch' |
ズアカエナガ (頭赤柄長) zu-aka e-naga 'red-headed long handle' |
Chim Việt Nam Nguyễn Cử, Lê Trọng Trải, Karen Phillipps; Nhà Xuất Bản Lao Động - Xã Hội, 2000