General
Information is from dictionaries and other sources. Comments and corrections welcome. Hover over Green Lettering Green lettering at this site hides a tool tip with glosses, further explanations, etc. Hover cursor to reveal. to see additional information.
The Charadriidae are divided in Thai into two groups, lapwings and plovers, and each is independently named.
Lapwings: Lapwings are named after various distinctive calls, primarily those of the common Vanellus indicus, and several of these names are quite old (see 'Other Names' column). Most modern ornithological sources use นกกระแต nók krà-taee as a lapwing general name, where แต taee is a rendition of the call and กระ- krà- is an old wildlife prefix. Species names for Vanellus indicus include other variants of this same call.
Outside of the Charadriidae, stone curlews (Burhinidae) are named นกกระแตผี nók krà-taee-pʰĭi 'ghost-lapwing'.
Plovers: All plovers are called นกหัวโต nók hŭa-too 'big-headed bird', an expression which today is used only in the sense of 'plover'.
Outside of the Charadridae, crab plovers (Dromadidae) are named นกหัวโตกินปู nók hŭa-too-kin-puu 'crab-eating big-head bird', i.e., 'crab-eating plover'.
Family name
The family name for the H&M3 Charadriidae is วงศ์นกกระแตและนกหัวโต woŋ nók krà-taee láe nók hŭa-too 'lapwing and plover family' in most sources where that taxon is preserved. More recently in (22, 23) the three subfamilies are each given full family status:
Pluvialidae วงศ์นกหัวโตหลังจุด woŋ nók hŭa-too lăŋ-cùt 'spot-backed plover family'
Vanellidae วงศ์นกกระแต woŋ nók krà-taee 'lapwing family'
Charadriidae วงศ์นกหัวโต woŋ nók hŭa-too 'plover family'
Species names
| PLUVIALINAE | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
SCIENTIFIC & WESTERN |
THAI |
OTHER S. E. ASIAN |
EAST ASIAN |
|||||
| Pluvialis | ||||||||
Latin |
English |
Thai |
Other Th |
Malaysian |
Indonesian |
Vietnamese |
Chinese |
Japanese |
Pluvialis squatarola |
Grey plover or Black-bellied plover |
นกหัวโตสีเทา nók hŭa-too sĭi-tʰaw 'grey big-head (bird)' |
Burung Rapang Kelabu 'grey plover (bird)' (24, 25, 26) |
Burung Cerek Besar 'large kettle bird' |
Chim Choi choi xám 'grey plover (bird)' (12, 13) |
灰鸻 (灰鴴) 'grey plover' (2, 4, 5) 灰鸻 (灰斑鴴) 'grey-striped plover' (1, 3. alt in 5) Taiwan: (灰斑鸻) 灰斑鴴 'grey-striped plover' |
ダイゼン (大膳) daizen 'caterer/provisioner' (ancient court rank - reason for name unclear) |
|
| Pluvialis fulva |
Pacific golden plover Pacific golden-plover Eastern golden plover |
นกหัวโตหลังจุดสีทอง nók hŭa-too lăŋ-cùt-sĭi-tʰoaaŋ 'gold-spot-backed big-head (bird)' |
Burung Rapang Kerinyut 'furrow-eyebrowed plover (bird)' (24, 25, 26) |
Burung Cerek Kernyut 'furrow-eyebrowed kettle bird' |
Chim Choi choi vàng 'yellow plover (bird)' (12, 13, 34) |
金鸻 (金鴴) 'gold plover' (1, 2, 4, 5) 金斑鸻 (金斑鴴) 'gold-striped plover' (3, 1, 5)  Taxonomy
Taiwan: (太平洋金斑鸻) 太平洋金斑鴴 'Pacific gold-striped plover' |
ムナグロ (胸黒) muna-guro 'black-breast' |
|
| CHARADRIINAE | ||||||||
SCIENTIFIC & WESTERN |
THAI |
OTHER S. E. ASIAN |
EAST ASIAN |
|||||
| Charadrius | ||||||||
Latin |
English |
Thai |
Other Th |
Malaysian |
Indonesian |
Vietnamese |
Chinese |
Japanese |
| Charadrius hiaticula |
Common ringed plover Ringed plover |
นกหัวโตขาสีส้ม nók hŭa-too kʰăa-sĭi-sôm 'orange-legged big-head (bird)' |
นกหัวโตเล็กขาส้ม nók hŭa-too lék kʰăa-sôm 'orange-legged small big-head (bird)' (20a, 21) |
剑鸻 (劍鴴) 'sword plover' (conflicts with the Taiwanese name for C. placidus) (环颈鸻) 環頸鴴 'ring-necked plover' (conflicts with the Mainland name for C. alexandrinus) |
ハジロコチドリ (羽白小千鳥) ha-jiro ko chi-dori 'white-winged small plover' |
|||
| Charadrius placidus |
Long-billed plover Long-billed ringed plover |
นกหัวโตปากยาว nók hŭa-too pàak-yaaw 'long-billed big-head (bird)' |
Burung Rapang Paruh Panjang 'long-billed plover (bird)' (25, 26) |
Burung Cerek Paruh-panjang 'long-billed kettle bird' |
Chim Choi choi lớn 'large plover' (12, 34) (conflicts with C. leschenaultii) |
长嘴剑鸻 (長嘴劍鴴) 'long-billed sword plover' Taiwan: (剑鸻) 劍鴴 'sword plover' (conflicts with the Mainland name for C. hiaticula) |
イカルチドリ (鵤千鳥) ikaru chi-dori 'grosbeak thousand-bird' |
|
| Charadrius dubius |
Little ringed plover | นกหัวโตเล็กขาเหลือง nók hŭa-too lék kʰăa-lĕuaŋ 'yellow-legged small big-head (bird)' |
Burung Rapang Gelang Kecil 'small ringed plover (bird)' (26) Burung Rapang Biji Nangka 'jackfruit seed plover (bird)' (24, 25) |
Burung Cerek Kalung-kecil 'small-ringed kettle bird' |
Chim Choi choi nhỏ 'small plover (bird)' (12, 13) |
金眶鸻 (金眶鴴) 'gold frame plover' or 黑领鸻 (黑領鴴) 'black-collared plover' (alt in 1) Taiwan: (小环颈鸻) 小環頸鴴 'small ring-necked plover' |
コチドリ (小千鳥) ko chi-dori 'small thousand-bird' |
|
| Charadrius alexandrinus |
Kentish plover Snowy plover C. a. dealbeatus: White-faced plover |
C. a. alexandrinus: นกหัวโตขาดำ nók hŭa-too kʰăa-dam 'black-legged big-head (bird)' C. a. dealbeatus: นกหัวโตหน้าขาว nók hŭa-too nâa-kʰăaw 'white-faced big-head (bird)' |
Burung Rapang Pantai 'coast plover (bird)' (24, 25, 26) |
Burung Cerek Tilil 'tilil kettle bird' |
Chim Choi choi khoang cổ 'streak-necked plover (bird)' (12, 13, 34) |
环颈鸻 (環頸鴴) 'ring-necked plover' (conflicts with the Taiwanese name for C. hiaticula) or 白领鸻 (白領鴴) 'white-collared plover' (alt in 1) Taiwan: (东方环颈鸻) 東方環頸鴴 'eastern ring-necked plover' |
シロチドリ (白千鳥) shiro chi-dori 'white thousand-bird' |
|
| Charadrius peronii |
Malaysian plover Malaysian sand plover Malay Plover |
นกหัวโตมลายู nók hŭa-too ma-laa-yuu 'Malayan big-head (bird)' |
Burung Rapang Pasir 'sand plover (bird)' (Conflicts with C. leschenaulti) (24, 26) Burung Rapang Malaysia 'sand plover (bird)' (25) |
Burung Cerek Melayu 'Malay kettle bird' |
Chim Choi choi lưng đen 'black-backed plover (bird)' (12, 34) |
马来鸻 'Malay plover' |
クロエリシロチドリ (黒襟白千鳥) kuro-eri shiro chi-dori 'black-collared white thousand-bird' |
|
| Charadrius mongolus |
Lesser sand plover Mongolian plover |
นกหัวโตทรายเล็ก nók hŭa-too saay lék 'small sand big-head (bird)' |
Burung Rapang Mongolia 'Mongolian plover (bird)' (24, 25, 26) |
Burung Cerek-pasir Mongolia 'Mongolian sand kettle bird' |
Chim Choi choi Mông Cổ 'Mongolian plover (bird)' (12, 13, 34) |
蒙古沙鸻 (蒙古沙鴴) 'Mongolian sand plover' Taiwan: (蒙古鸻) 蒙古鴴 'Mongolian plover' |
メダイチドリ (目大千鳥) me-dai chi-dori 'large-eyed thousand-bird' |
|
Latin |
English |
Thai |
Other Th |
Malaysian |
Indonesian |
Vietnamese |
Chinese |
Japanese |
| Charadrius leschenaultii |
Greater sand plover Great sand plover Large sand plover |
นกหัวโตทรายใหญ่ nók hŭa-too saay yày 'large sand big-head (bird)' |
Burung Rapang Besar 'large plover (bird)' (24, 26) Burung Rapang Pasir 'sand plover (bird)' (Conflicts with C. peronii) (25) |
Burung Cerek-pasir Besar 'large sand kettle bird' |
Chim Choi choi lưng hung 'reddish-backed plover (bird)' (12, 34) |
铁嘴沙鸻 (鐵嘴沙鴴) 'iron-billed sand plover' Taiwan: (铁嘴鸻) 鐵嘴鴴 'iron-billed plover' |
オオメダイチドリ (大目大千鳥) ō me-dai chi-dori 'large large-eyed thousand-bird' |
|
| Charadrius veredus |
East Asian plover Eastern sand plover |
นกหัวโตขายาว nók hŭa-too kʰăa-yaaw 'long-legged big-head (bird)' |
นกหัวโตตะวันออก nók hŭa-too tà-wan-òaak 'eastern big-head (bird)' (alt in 21) |
Burung Rapang Timor 'eastern plover (bird)' (26) Burung Rapang Timur 'eastern plover (bird)' (24, 25) |
Burung Cerek Asia 'Asian kettle bird' |
Chim Choi choi Á Châu 'Asian plover (bird)' (12, 13) |
东方鸻 (東方鴴) 'eastern plover' Taiwan: (东方红胸鸻) 東方紅胸鴴 'eastern red-breasted plover' |
オオチドリ (大千鳥) ō chi-dori 'large thousand-bird' |
| VANELLINAE | ||||||||
SCIENTIFIC & WESTERN |
THAI |
S.E. ASIAN |
EAST ASIAN |
|||||
| Vanellus | ||||||||
Latin |
English |
Thai |
Other Th |
Malaysian |
Indonesian |
Vietnamese |
Chinese |
Japanese |
| Vanellus vanellus |
Northern lapwing Lapwing Peewit Green Plover |
นกกระแตหงอน nók krà-taee ŋŏaan 'crested lapwing (bird)' |
Chim Te mào 'crested lapwing (bird)' (12, 13, 34) |
凤头麦鸡 (鳳頭麥雞) 'phoenix-headed grain fowl' Taiwan: (小辫鸻) 小辮鴴 'small-pigtailed plover' |
タゲリ (田計里 ~ 田鳧) ta-geri 'field lapwing' |
|||
| Vanellus duvaucelii |
River lapwing Spur-winged lapwing |
นกกระแตหาด nók krà-taee hàat 'beach lapwing (bird)' |
Chim Te cựa 'spurred lapwing (bird)' (12, 34) |
距翅麦鸡 (距翅麥雞) 'spur-winged grain fowl' |
カタグロツメバゲリ (肩黒爪羽計里 ~ 肩黒爪羽鳧) kata-guro tsume-ba geri 'black-shouldered spur-winged lapwing' |
|||
| Vanellus cinereus Microsarcops cinereus |
Grey-headed lapwing | นกกระแตหัวเทา nók krà-taee hŭa-tʰaw 'grey-headed lapwing (bird)' |
Burung Rapang Kepala Kelabu 'grey-headed plover (bird)' (24, 25, 26) |
Burung Trulek Kelabu 'grey lapwing (bird)' |
Chim Te vàng 'yellow lapwing (bird)' (12, 13, 34) |
灰头麦鸡 (灰頭麥雞) 'grey-headed grain fowl' Taiwan: (跳鸻) 跳鴴 'jumping plover' |
ケリ (計里 ~ 鳧) keri 'lapwing' |
|
| Vanellus indicus |
Red-wattled lapwing | นกกระแตแต้แว้ด nók krà-taee tâee-wáeet 'taee-waeet lapwing (bird)' (onomat.) |
แต้แว้ด tâee-wáeet 'tâee-wáeet' (onomat.) นกต้อยตีวิด nók tôaay-tii-wít 'tôaay-tii-wít (bird)' (onomat.) (alt in 21) กระต้อยตีวิด krà-tôaay-tii-wít 'krà-tôaay-tii-wít' (onomat.) |
Burung Rapang Minta Duit 'money beggar plover (bird)' (rendition of call is homophone for 'money') (26) Burung Rapang Duit 'money plover' (rendition of call is homophone for 'money') (24, 25) |
Burung Trulek Gelambir-merah 'red wattled lapwing (bird)' |
Chim Te vặt 'miscellaneous? lapwing (bird)' (12, 13, 34) |
肉垂麦鸡 (肉垂麥雞) 'meat-wattled grain fowl' |
インドトサカゲリ (インドとさか計里 ~ インドとさか鳧) indo tosaka geri 'Indian wattled lapwing' |
中国鸟类种和亚种分类名录大全（修订版） 郑作新 著 科学出版社 北京 2000年
A Complete Checklist of Species and Subspecies of the Chinese Birds (Revised Edition) by Cheng Tso-Hsin, Science Press, Beijing 2000
中国鸟类分类与分布名录 主编：郑光美 科学出版社 北京 2005年
A Checklist on the Classification and Distribution of the Birds of China Chief editor: Zheng Guangmei, Science Press, Beijing 2005
中国鸟类野外手册（中文版）约翰・马敬能、卡伦・菲利普斯，合作者：荷芬奇，翻译：卢和芬 湖南教育出版社 长沙 2000年
A Field Guide to the Birds of China (Chinese translation) by John MacKinnon, Karen Phillipps, in collaboration with He Fen-qi, translated by Lu Hefen, Hunan Jiaoyu Chubanshe (Hunan Educational Press) Changsha 2000
世界鸟类分类与分布名录 主编：郑光美 科学出版社 北京 2002年
A Checklist on the Classification and Distribution of the Birds of the World Chief editor: Zheng Guangmei, Science Press, Beijing 2002
世界鸟类名称（拉丁文、汉文、英文对照）第二版 郑作新等 科学出版社 北京 2002年
Birds of the World (Latin, Chinese and English Names) 2nd ed. by Cheng Tso-Hsin et al, Science Press, Beijing 2002
中国鸟类分布名录 第二版 郑作新 科学出版社 北京 1976年
(Checklist of the Classification of Birds of China 2nd edition by Cheng Tso-Hsin, Science Press, Beijing 1976)
香港及華南鳥類（第六版）（翻譯成中文及重新修訂） 尹璉、費嘉倫、林超英 香港性徵特區政府新聞處政府印務局 1994年
Birds of Hong Kong and South China (6th edition, translated into Chinese and newly revised) by Clive Viney, Karen Phillipps, Lin Chaoying, Hong Kong Govt. Press 1994
Pocket Checklist of the Birds of the Republic of Singapore / Senai Jenis-Jenis Burung di Singapura / 新加坡野鸟目录 by Lim Kim Seng Nature Society (Singapore) 1999
Danh Lục Chim Việt Nam (In lần thứ hai) (Checklist of the Birds of Vietnam) Võ Quý, Nguyễn Cử, Nhà Xuất Bản Nông Nghiệp, Hà Nội 1999
Chim Việt Nam Nguyễn Cử, Lê Trọng Trải, Karen Phillipps; Nhà Xuất Bản Lao Động - Xã Hội, 2000
Check-list of Thai Birds Round, Philip D., Bird Conservation Society of Thailand, Bangkok 2008. Draft version downloaded from the site of the Bird Conservation Society of Thailand in 2009 but no longer posted there, an expanded update of the species included in Lekagul & Round 1991
นกในเมืองไทย รศ. โอภาส ขอบเขตต (Birds in Thailand, Assoc. Prof. Obhas Khobkhet), in 5 volumes, Sarakadee Press, Bangkok, 1998-2001
นกเมืองไทย (Birds [of] Thailand) by จารุจินต์ นภีตะภัฏ, กานต์ เลขะกุล, วัชระ สงวนสมบติ (Jarujin Nabhitabata, Karn Lekagul, Wachara Sanguansombat), คณะบุคคล นายแพทย์ บุญส่ง เลขะกุล (Dr Boonsong Lekagul Group), Bangkok 2007
นกเมืองไทย (Birds [of] Thailand) by จารุจินต์ นภีตะภัฏ, กานต์ เลขะกุล, วัชระ สงวนสมบติ (Jarujin Nabhitabata, Karn Lekagul, Wachara Sanguansombat), คณะบุคคล นายแพทย์ บุญส่ง เลขะกุล (Dr Boonsong Lekagul Group), Bangkok 2012
Senarai Nama-nama Burung Semenanjung Malaysia dan Asia Tenggara by Ismail, Abdul Rahman, Perhilitan (Jabatam Perlindungan Hidupan Liar dan Taman Negara, Semenanjung Malaysia), Kuala Lumpur 1981
(List of the Names of Birds of Peninsular Malaysia and Southeast Asia by Ismail, Abdul Rahman, Department of Wildlife and National Parks, Peninsular Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 1981)
The Birds of the Thai-Malay Peninsula: Vol. 1 - Non-passerines by Wells, David R., Academic Press, London 1999
A Field Guide to the Birds of West Malaysia and Singapore by Jeyarajasingam, Allen and Alan Pearson, Oxford University Press, Oxford 1999
The Birds of the Thai-Malay Peninsula: Vol. 2 - Passerines by Wells, David R., Christopher Helm, A&C Black, London 2007
A Field Guide to the Birds of Peninsular Malaysia and Singapore (second edition) by Jeyarajasingham, Allen, Illustrations by Alan Pearson, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2012
A Field Guide to the Birds of Java and Bali (second edition) by MacKinnon, John, Gadjah Mada University Press, Yogyakarta 1990
Danh Lục Các Loài Chim ở Việt Nam (Latinh, Việt, Pháp, Hán) Trần Văn Chánh 2008-2009
Floating Menu by Milonic |
Tool tips by Walter Zorn |
