Turdidae
鶇科
dōng kē

General

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The modern Chinese ornithological name for the thrushes is 鶇 dōng. This name was borrowed from Japanese and is not in wide popular use.

In Classical Chinese the character 鶇 was used in the word 鶇鵛 dōng-jīng, an old word for the Wryneck. It was the Japanese who pressed the character 鶇 into service to write the Japanese word tsugumi, meaning 'thrush'. This was then borrowed back into Chinese in its written form. The early ornithological list Chinese Birds of 1927 (35) consistently used 鶇 dōng as an equivalent to English 'thrush'.

Pre-ornithological names for the thrushes include:

The Eastern Blackbird (Turdus mandarinus) was traditionally called the 百舌 bǎi-shé or 'hundred tongues' because of its skill in mimicry. (Curiously, in Japanese the characters 百舌 are used to write the name of the shrikes.)

Another for the Blackbird is 烏 wū-chūn 'dark chun'. chūn is a rare character of unclear meaning and usage. The Kangxi Dictionary glosses it only as 'a kind of bird'.

In the popular realm, the Dusky Thrush is eaten as a delicacy in China, and in this usage it is known as the 穿草雞 chuān-cǎo-jī 穿草鸡 chuān-cǎo-jī ('come through the grass fowl/chicken') or 竄兒雞 cuànr-jī, which suggest a kind of fowl.

The ornithological naming has been well regularised with use of 鶇 dōng . Within the thrushes members of the genus Zoothera are referred to as 地鶇 dì-dōng 'ground thrushes'.

Species names

ABOUT THIS TABLE

TURDINAE
SCIENTIFIC & ENGLISH		CHINESE			JAPANESE		OTHER
Zoothera
Latin	English	Chinese (Taiwan)	Chinese (Mainland)	Other Ch	Japanese	Other J	Korean	Vietnamese
Zoothera aurea	White's Thrush Golden mountain thrush White's ground thrush	(白氏地鸫) 白氏地鶇 bái-shì dì-dōng 'Mr White's ground-thrush'	怀氏虎鸫 (懐氏虎鶇) huái-shì hǔ-dōng 'Mr Huai's tiger-thrush' (36)	(顿鸡) 頓雞 dùn-jī 'pausing fowl/chicken' (?) meaning unclear (northern) (35) (画眉) 畫眉 huà-méi 'paiinted eyebrow' (35, from Zool. Nomen.) (大花麦鴓) 大花麥鴓 dà-huā mài miè 'large-flower grain mie' See also Turdus pallidus (虎鸫) 虎鶇 hǔ-dōng 'tiger thrush' (former Taiwan ornithologicall name for Zoothera dauma and Zoothera aurea) (虎斑山鸫) 虎斑山鶇 hǔ-bān shān-dōng 'tiger-striped mountain-thrush'	トラツグミ (虎鶇) tora tsugumi 'tiger thrush'	ヌエドリ (鵼鳥) nue-dori 'nue bird ヌエ (鵼 ~ 鵺) nue 'nue ヌエコドリ (鵼子鳥) nueko-dori nueko bird	호랑지빠귀 horang-jippagwi 'tiger-and-wolf thrush'	Chim Sáo đất 'ground-starling (bird)' (12, 13) Taxonomy
Zoothera dauma Turdus dauma	Scaly thrush White's thrush	(虎斑地鸫) 虎斑地鶇 hǔ-bān dì-dōng 'tiger-striped ground-thrush'	虎斑地鸫 (虎斑地鶇) hǔ-bān dì-dōng 'tiger-striped ground-thrush'	(虎鸫) 虎鶇 hǔ-dōng 'tiger thrush' (former Taiwan ornithological name for Zoothera dauma and Zoothera aurea)	コトラツグミ (小虎鶇) ko tora tsugumi 'small tiger thrush' Taxonomy			Zoothera dauma: Chim Sáo đất lớn 'large ground-starling (bird)' (34) Chim Sáo đất 'ground-starling (bird)' (12, 13) Taxonomy
Geokichla
Latin	English	Chinese (Taiwan)	Chinese (Mainland)	Other Ch	Japanese	Other J	Korean	Vietnamese
Geokichla sibirica Zoothera sibirica Turdus sibiricus	Siberian thrush Siberian ground thrush	(白眉地鸫) 白眉地鶇 bái-méi dì-dōng 'white-eyebrowed ground-thrush'	白眉地鸫 (白眉地鶇) bái-méi dì-dōng 'white-eyebrowed ground-thrush'	(白眉) 白眉 bái-méi 'white-eyebrow' (35, from Zool. Nomen.) (西比利亚陆鸫) 西比利亞陸鶇 xībǐlìyà lù-dōng 'Siberian land thrush' (early ornithological) (35)	マミジロ (眉白) mami-jiro 'white-eyebrow'	マユシロ (眉白) mayu-shiro 'white-eyebrow'	흰눈썹지빠귀 huin-nunsseop-jippagwi 'white-eyebrowed thrush'	Chim Hoét Xibêri 'Siberian thrush (bird)' (12)
Geokichla citrina Zoothera citrina	Orange-headed thrush Orange-headed ground thrush Orange ground thrush	(橙头地鸫) 橙頭地鶇 chéng-tóu dì-dōng 'orange-headed ground-thrush'	橙头地鸫 (橙頭地鶇) chéng-tóu dì-dōng 'orange-headed ground-thrush'	(柑色头陆鸫) 柑色頭陸鶇 gān-sè tóu lù-dōng 'citrus-colour headed land thrush' (early ornithological) (35)	オレンジジツグミ (オレンジ地鶇) orenji ji-tsugumi 'orange ground-thrush'		귤빛지빠귀 gyulbicchippagwi 'tangerine thrush'	Chim Hoét vàng 'yellow thrush (bird)' (12, 13)
Turdus
Latin	English	Chinese (Taiwan)	Chinese (Mainland)	Other Ch	Japanese	Other J	Korean	Vietnamese
Turdus mandarinus	Eastern blackbird Chinese Blackbird	(黑鸫) 黑鶇 hēi-dōng 'black thrush'	乌鸫 (烏鶇) wū-dōng 'black thrush'	(百舌) 百舌 bǎi-shé 'hundred tongues' (see Laniidae) (反舌) 反舌 fǎn-shé 'counter tongue' (bird 'talks back') (乌) 烏 wū-chūn 'dark chun' (乌鸟) 烏鳥 wū-niǎo 'dark bird' (中国黑鸫) 中國黑鶇 zhōngguó hēi-dōng 'Chinese black thrush' (early ornithological) (35) (黑鸟) 黑鳥 hēi-niǎo 'black bird' (early ornithological) (35) (乌鸪) 烏鴣 wū-gū 'dark gu'	クロウタドリ (黒歌鳥) kuro uta-dori 'black song-bird'	ブラックバード burakku-bādo 'blackbird' (English)	대륙검은지빠귀 daeryuk-geomeun-jippagwi 'continental black thrush'	Chim Hoét đen 'black thrush (bird)' (12, 13, 34)
Turdus cardis	Japanese thrush Japanese grey thrush Grey thrush	(乌灰鸫) 烏灰鶇 wū-huī dōng 'black grey thrush'	乌灰鸫 (烏灰鶇) wū-huī dōng 'black grey thrush'	Taiwan formerly: (灰鸫) 灰鶇 huī dōng 'grey thrush' (黑鸫) 黑鶇 hēi dōng 'black thrush' (35, from Zool. Nomen.) Planesticus cardis cardis: (日本灰鸫) 日本灰鶇 rìběn huī dōng 'Japanese grey thrush' (early ornithological) (35) Planesticus cardis lateus: (中国灰鸫) 中國灰鶇 zhōngguó huī dōng 'Chinese grey thrush' (early ornithological) (35)	クロツグミ (黒鶇) kuro-tsugumi 'black thrush'		검은지빠귀 geomeun-jippagwi 'black thrush'	Chim Hoét bụng trắng 'white-bellied thrush (bird)' (12, 13, 34)
Turdus hortulorum	Grey-backed thrush	(灰背鸫) 灰背鶇 huī-bèi dōng 'grey-backed thrush'	灰背鸫 (灰背鶇) huī-bèi dōng 'grey-backed thrush'	(鹛鸹) 鶥鴰 méi-guā 'eyebrow crow' (35, from Zool. Nomen.) (金胸鸫) 金胸鶇 jīn-xiōng dōng 'gold-breasted thrush' (early ornithological) (35) or (灰背鸫) 灰背鶇 huī-bèi dōng 'grey-backed thrush' (early ornithological) (35)	カラアカハラ (唐赤腹) kara aka-hara 'Chinese red-belly'		되지빠귀 doe-jippagwi 'doe thrush'	Chim Hoét lưng đen 'black-backed thrush (bird)' (13) Chim Hoét ngực hung 'reddish-breasted thrush (bird)' (34) Chim Hoét lưng xám 'grey-backed thrush (bird)' (34)
Turdus obscurus	Eyebrowed thrush Eye-browed thrush	(白眉鸫) 白眉鶇 bái-méi dōng 'white-eyebrowed thrush'	白眉鸫 (白眉鶇) bái-méi dōng 'white-eyebrowed thrush'	(眉鸫) 眉鶇 méi dōng 'eyebrowed thrush' (7) (灰头鸫) 灰頭鶇 huī-tóu dōng 'grey-headed thrush' (early ornithological) (35)	マミチャジナイ (眉茶) mami cha-jinai 'eyebrowed brown thrush1'		흰눈썹붉은배지빠귀 huin-nunsseop-bulgeun-bae-jippagwi 'white-eyebrowed red-bellied thrush'	Chim Hoét mày trắng 'white-eyebrowed thrush (bird)' (12, 13, 34)
Turdus chrysolaus	Brown-headed thrush Red-billed thrush Rufous-breasted thrush Brown thrush	(赤腹鸫) 赤腹鶇 chì-fù dōng 'red-bellied thrush'	赤胸鸫 (赤胸鶇) chì-xiōng dōng 'red-breasted thrush'	(红腹鸫) 紅腹鶇 hóng-fù dōng 'red-bellied thrush' (7) (赤腹鸫) 赤腹鶇 chì-fù dōng 'red-bellied thrush'(35, from Zool. Nomen) (日本褐色鸫) 日本褐色鶇 rìběn hè-sè dōng 'Japanese rown thrush' (early ornithological) (35)	アカハラ (赤腹) aka-hara 'red-belly'		붉은배지빠귀 bulgeun-bae-jippagwi 'red-bellied thrush'	Hoét nâu 'brown thrush (bird)' (13)
Latin	English	Chinese (Taiwan)	Chinese (Mainland)	Other Ch	Japanese	Other J	Korean	Vietnamese
Turdus pallidus	Pale thrush	(白腹鸫) 白腹鶇 bái-fù dōng 'white-bellied thrush'	白腹鸫 (白腹鶇) bái-fù dōng 'white-bellied thrush'	(白眉鸫) 白眉鶇 bái-méi dōng 'white-eyebrowed thrush' (白眉白腹鸫) 白眉白腹鶇 bái-méi bái-fù dōng 'white-eyebrowed white-bellied thrush' (灰头鸫) 灰頭鶇 huī-tóu dōng 'grey-headed thrush' (浅色鸫) 淺色鶇 qián-sè dōng 'light-coloured thrush' (early ornithological) (35) (灰头穿草鸡) 灰頭穿草雞 huī-tóu chuān-cǎo-jī 'grey-headed through-grass fowl/chicken' (See T. naumanni) (银锭) 銀錠 yín-dìng 'silver ingot' (白眉灰麦鴓) 白眉灰麥鴓 bái-méi huī mài miè 'white-eyebrowed grey grain mie' (鴓 = warbler, see Phylloscopus coronatus, Anthus hodgsoni, and Zoothera aurea)	シロハラ (白腹) shiro-hara 'white-belly'		흰배지빠귀 huin-bae-jippagwi 'white-bellied thrush'	Hoét đầu xám 'grey-headed thrush (bird)' (13)
Turdus niveiceps	Taiwan thrush	Turdus poliocephalus: (台湾鸫) 台灣鶇 tái-wān dōng 'Taiwanese thrush'	Turdus poliocephalus: 岛鸫 (島鶇) dǎo dōng 'island thrush'	Taiwan formerly: (白头鸫) 白頭鶇 bái-tóu dōng 'white-headed thrush'	Turdus poliocephalus: タイワンツグミ (台湾鶇) taiwan tsugumi 'Taiwan thrush'
Turdus naumanni	Naumann's thrush	(红尾鸫) 紅尾鶇 hóng-wěi dōng 'red-tailed thrush'	红尾鸫 (紅尾鶇) hóng-wěi dōng 'red-tailed thrush' (2) 斑鸫 (斑鶇) bān-dōng 'striped thrush' (1, 3, 4, 5)	(八丈鸫) 八丈鶇 bā-zhàng dōng 'Hachi-jo thrush' (from Japanese) (赤尾鸫) 赤尾鶇 chì-wěi dōng 'red-tailed thrush' (35, from Zool. Nomen) (穿草鸡) 穿草雞 chuān-cǎo-jī 'pass through grass fowl/chicken' (northern) (35) (北画眉) 北畫眉 běi huà-méi 'northern painted-eyebrown (=hwamei)' (northern) (35) (红尾鸫) 紅尾雞 hóng-wěi dōng 'red-tailed thrush' (early ornithological) (35)	ハチジョウツグミ (八丈鶇) hachi-jō tsugumi 'Hachijō thrush'		노랑지빠귀 norang-jippagwi 'yellow thrush'
Turdus eunomus Taxonomy	Dusky thrush	(斑点鸫) 斑點鶇 bān-diǎn dōng 'stripe-dotted thrush'	斑鸫 (斑鶇) bān-dōng 'striped thrush' (2)	(穿草鸡) 穿草雞 chuān-cǎo-jī 'pass through grass fowl/chicken' (31) (窜儿鸡) 竄兒雞 cuànr-jī 'hiding / slinking away fowl' (meaning unclear) (斑点鸫) 斑點雞 bān-diǎn dōng 'stripe-dotted thrush' (early ornithological) (35)	ツグミ (鶇) tsugumi 'thrush'	シナイ () shinai 'thrush1' (old word for thrush)	개똥지빠귀 gaettong-jippagwi 'gaettong thrush'	Turdus naumanni: Chim Hoét lưng hung 'reddish backed thrush (bird)' Taxonomy
Turdus ruficollis	Red-throated thrush Dark-throated thrush Red-necked thrush Black-throated thrush	(赤颈鸫) 赤頸鶇 chì-jǐng dōng 'red-collared thrush'	赤颈鸫 (赤頸鶇) chì-jǐng dōng 'red-collared thrush'	(红脖鸫) 紅脖雞 hóng-bó dōng 'red-throated thrush' (early ornithological) (35)	ノドグロツグミ (喉黒鶇) nodo-guro tsugumi 'black-throated thrush'		붉은목지빠귀 bulgeun-mok-jippagwi 'red-throated thrush'

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