General
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In Mongolia, the new Sylviidae combines the genus Sylvia and related warblers from the Old World warbler assemblage (Sylviidae), Rhopophilus (formerly Cisticolidae), and the parrotbills (formerly Timaliidae).
(Other families spun off from the former Sylviidae in Mongolia include the Locustellidae, Phylloscipidae, and Acrocephalidae.)
The Sylviidae, which are generally inconspicuous warblers, tend to be poorly served by vernacular names. Naming systems are largely ornithological rather than popular in nature.
Ornithological names
The Mongolian ornithological names for the Sylviidae are as follows:
The Sylvia warblers (Sylvia and Curruca under HTML4) are known as Зэржигэнэ zerjigen.
The White-browed Chinese Warbler (Rhopophilus pekinensis) is found only in recent Mongolian lists. It is given the name Сонд sond, a word otherwise used in the name Сондуу хөмрөг sonduu khömrög or Yellow-browed Bunting (Emberiza chrysophrys). Сонд sond has a respectable history. It is used in the name Сонд бялзуухай sond byalzuukhai, which is listed in the Wuti Qingwen Jian (early 19th century) with the Chinese translation 淡黃道眉 'pale yellow-line warbler', also probably the Yellow-browed Bunting.
Mongolia has two species of parrotbill:
In the current "binomial" naming, the Vinous-throated Parrotbill (Sinosuthora webbiana) has the generic name Амураг amurag, of unknown origin. Prior to 2007 the species was named as a kind of Хөх бух khökh bukh, literally 'darkblue bull', normally a name for the 'tits' (Paridae). This name was shared with the Bearded Tit (Panurus biarmicus in the Panuridae), now also renamed.
The Reed Parrotbill (Paradoxornis heudei) has the generic name Хургач 'shepherd' (connection with shepherds unknown). Prior to 2007 it was called Хургач бор khurgach bor 'shepherd bor', where бор bor as an adjective means either 'grey, brown, dun', or 'stubborn'. Бор bor is used аs a noun in some bird names, including nightjars, reed-warblers, the Reed-Parrotbill, and Leiothrix (China).
As usual, there are specific names that are hard to account for. The name харсун kharsuŋ or харсуун kharsuuŋ in Харсун зэржигэнэ kharsuŋ zerjigen / Харсуун зэржигэнэ kharsuuŋ zerjigen has the dictionary meaning 'rough, coarse, unprocessed' (of foodstuffs), but in bird naming appears to generally correlate with the meaning 'hawk' as used in English or Russian names.
Inner Mongolia
Under the Inner Mongolian naming, the whitethroats (Curruca) are given the name Заржхин zarjkhiŋ. In the traditional script this is virtually identical to Зэржгэнэ zerjgen and the two may be variants of the same word.
Rhopophilus (Chinese Hill Warbler) is known as a kind of Харагчин kharagchiŋ, usually meaning 'wagtail'.
The Parrotbills are known as Тонтуул tontuul, meaning 'pecker'.
Species names
SCIENTIFIC & WESTERN |
MONGOLIAN |
EAST ASIAN |
TURKIC |
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| Sylvia | |||||||||
Latin |
English/Russian |
Mongolian |
Inner M |
Other M |
Chinese |
Japanese |
Korean |
Kazakh |
Turkish |
| Sylvia atricapilla | Eurasian Blackcap Blackcap Черноголовая славка |
Халимагт зэржигэнэ ᠬᠠᠯᠢᠮᠠᠭᠲᠣ ᠵᠡᠷᠵᠢᠭᠢᠨᠡ khal'magt zerjigen '(hair)-parted warbler' |
黑顶林莺 (黑頂林鶯) 'black-topped forest-warbler' |
ズグロムシクイ (頭黒虫喰) zu-guro mushi-kui 'black-headed insect-eater' |
Қарабас сандуғаш qara-bas sandwğaş 'black-headed sylvia' |
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| Curruca | |||||||||
Latin |
English/Russian |
Mongolian |
Inner M |
Other M |
Chinese |
Japanese |
Korean |
Kazakh |
Turkish |
| Curruca nana Sylvia nana  |
Asian Desert Warbler Desert Warbler Desert whitethroat Пустынная славка |
Цөлийн зэржигэнэ ᠴᠦᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠵᠡᠷᠵᠢᠭᠢᠨᠡ tsöliŋ zerjigen 'desert warbler' |
Цөлийн заржхин ᠴᠦᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠵᠡᠷᠵᠢᠬᠢᠨ tsöliŋ zarjkhiŋ 'desert warbler' (33) |
亚洲漠地林莺 (亞洲漠地林鶯) 'Asian desert-land forest-warbler' (36) 漠林莺 (漠林鶯) 'desert forest-warbler' (2, 4, 5) 漠地林莺 (漠地林鶯) 'desert-land forest-warbler' (1, 3. alt in 5) Taiwan: (漠地林莺) 漠地林鶯 'desert-land forest-warbler' |
サバクムシクイ (砂漠虫喰) sabaku mushi-kui 'desert insect-eater' |
Шөл сандуғаш şöl sandwğaş 'desert sylvia' |
Çöl Ötleğeni 'desert sylvia' |
||
| Curruca nisoria Sylvia nisoria |
Barred warbler Ястребиная славка |
Харсуун зэржигэнэ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠰᠣᠨ ᠵᠡᠷᠵᠢᠭᠢᠨᠡ kharsuuŋ zerjigen 'hawk warbler' |
Mongolia formerly: Харсун зэржигэнэ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠰᠣᠨ ᠵᠡᠷᠵᠢᠭᠢᠨᠡ kharsuŋ zerjigen 'hawk warbler' |
横斑林莺 (橫斑林鶯) 'horizontal stripe forest-warbler' |
シマムシクイ (縞虫喰) shima mushi-kui 'striped insect-eater' Also: シマハッコウチョウ (縞白喉鳥) shima hakkōchō 'striped white-throat bird' ハッコウチョウ (白喉鳥) hakkō-chō 'white-throat bird' オナガムシクイ (尾長虫喰) o-naga mushi-kui 'long-tailed insect-eater' |
Қаршығарең сандуғаш qarşığareñ sandwğaş 'qarşığareñ sylvia' |
Cizgili Ötleğen 'barred sylvia' |
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| Curruca curruca Sylvia curruca |
Lesser whitethroat White-throated warbler Славка-завирушка |
Тарчигнаа зэржигэнэ ᠲᠠᠷᠴᠢᠭᠢᠨᠠᠭᠠ ᠵᠡᠷᠵᠢᠭᠢᠨᠡ tarchignaa zerjigen 'rattling/jingling warbler'  Taxonomy |
Цагаан хоолгойт заржхин ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠣᠭᠣᠯᠠᠢᠢᠲᠣ ᠵᠡᠷᠵᠢᠬᠢᠨ tsagaan khoolgoit zarjkhiŋ 'white-throated warbler' (33) |
白喉林莺 (白喉林鶯) 'white-throated forest-warbler' Taxonomy
Taiwan: (白喉林莺) 白喉林鶯 'white-throated forest-warbler' |
コノドジロムシクイ (小喉白虫喰) ko nodo-jiro mushi-kui 'small white-throated insect-eater' Also: カシミアムシクイ (カシミア虫喰) kashimia mushi-kui 'Kashmir insect-eater' Taxonomy |
쇠흰턱딱새 soe-huin-teok-ttak-sae 'small white-chinned flycatcher-bird' |
Боз сандуғаш boz sandwğaş 'dun sylvia' Taxonomy |
Küçük Akdeniz Gerdanlı Ötleğen 'small Mediterranean throated ? sylvia' |
|
| Curruca communis Sylvia communis |
Common Whitethroat Greater Whitethroat Whitethroat Grey whitethroat Indian whitethroat Серая славка |
Шөвгөр зэржигэнэ ᠱᠦᠪᠦᠭᠡᠷ ᠵᠡᠷᠵᠢᠭᠢᠨᠡ shövgör zerjigen 'pointed warbler' |
Шөвгөр заржхин ᠱᠦᠪᠦᠭᠡᠷ ᠵᠡᠷᠵᠢᠬᠢᠨ shövgör zarjkhiŋ 'pointed warbler' (33) |
灰白喉林莺 (灰白喉林鶯) 'grey white-throated forest-warbler' or 灰林莺 (灰林鶯) 'grey forest-warbler' (alt in 1, 3) |
ノドジロムシクイ (喉白虫喰) nodo-jiro mushi-kui 'white-throated insect-eater' |
Сұр сандуғаш sur sandwğaş 'grey sylvia' |
Akdeniz Gerdanlı Ötleğen 'Mediterranean throated ? sylvia' |
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| Rhopophilus | |||||||||
Latin |
English/Russian |
Mongolian |
Inner M |
Other M |
Chinese |
Japanese |
Korean |
Kazakh |
Turkish |
| Rhopophilus pekinensis |
Chinese Hill Warbler White-browed Chinese Warbler White-browed bush dweller Peking warbler Кустаринковая завирушка, Пекинская камышовка, Китайская славка |
Бутны сонд ᠪᠣᠲᠠᠨ ᠦ ᠰᠣᠨᠳᠣ butni sond 'bush sond' |
Уулан харагчин ᠠᠭᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠭᠴᠢᠨ uulaŋ kharagchiŋ 'mountain wagtail' (33) |
IM also: Уулын харагчин ᠠᠭᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠦ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠭᠴᠢᠨ uuliŋ kharagchiŋ 'mountain wagtail' (31) |
山鹛 (山鶥) 'mountain babbler' |
カラチメドリ (唐知目鳥) kara chime-dori 'Chinese babbler-bird' |
꼬리치레 kkori-chire 'kkori chire' |
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| Paradoxornis | |||||||||
Latin |
English/Russian |
Mongolian |
Inner M |
Other M |
Chinese |
Japanese |
Korean |
Kazakh |
Turkish |
| Paradoxornis heudei |
Reed parrotbill Heude's parrotbill Chinese crowtit Тростниковая сутора |
Бахимхушуу хургач ᠪᠠᠬᠢᠮ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠣ ᠬᠣᠷᠠᠭᠠᠴᠢ bakhim-khushuu khuragch 'stout-billed shepherd' |
Жендан тонтуул ᠵᠧᠨᠳᠠᠨ ᠲᠣᠨᠲᠠᠭᠣᠯ jendaŋ tontuul 'Zhendan pecker' (33) |
Mongolia formerly: Хургач бор ᠬᠣᠷᠠᠭᠠᠴᠢ ᠪᠣᠷᠣ khurgach bor 'shepherd bor' |
震旦鸦雀 (震旦鴉雀) 'Sinian (geological period) crow-finch' |
カオジロダルマエナガ (顔白達磨柄長) kao-jiro daruma e-naga 'white-faced daruma long-handle' |
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| Sinosuthora | |||||||||
Latin |
English/Russian |
Mongolian |
Inner M |
Other M |
Chinese |
Japanese |
Korean |
Kazakh |
Turkish |
| Sinosuthora webbiana Paradoxornis webbianus Suthora webbiana |
Vinous-throated parrotbill Rufous-headed crowtit Vinous-breasted parrotbill Vinous-throated crowtit Бурая сутора |
Suthora webbianus: Бор амураг ᠪᠣᠷᠣ ᠠᠮᠣᠷᠠᠭ (?) bor amurag 'dun amurag' |
Хөхөвтөр тонтуул ᠬᠦᠬᠡᠪᠲᠦᠷ ᠲᠣᠨᠲᠠᠭᠣᠯ khökhövtör tontuul 'bluish pecker' (31, 33) |
Mongolia formerly: Бодомхой хөх бух ᠪᠣᠳᠣᠮᠠᠬᠠᠢ ᠣᠦᠬᠡ ᠪᠣᠬᠠ bodomkhoi khökh bukh 'thoughtful ? darkblue bull (=tit)' |
棕头鸦雀 (棕頭鴉雀) 'reddishbrown-headed crow-finch' (2, 3, 4, 5, 36) 棕翅缘鸦雀 (棕翅緣鴉雀) 'reddishbrown-wing-edged crow-finch' (1) Taiwan: (粉红鹦嘴) 粉紅鸚嘴 'pink parrot-bill' |
ダルマエナガ (達磨柄長) daruma e-naga 'daruma long-handle' |
붉은머리오목눈이 bulgeun-meori-omongnuni 'red-headed longtailedtit' |
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A Dictionary of Vertebrate Animals of Mongolia (Монгол орны сээртэн амьтдын нэрсийн толь) by GOMBOBAATAR Sundev Bodonguud, Mongolian Ornithological Society, Zoological Society of London, Ulaanbaatar 2009
セッカ sekka is used in Japanese for several small warbling birds in the Cisticolidae, Locustellidae, and Phylloscopidae. The etymology is unknown. It is written with the ateji 雪加 (literally 'snow-add') or 雪下 (literally 'snow-below'), characters assigned on the basis of sound only with little or no relation to etymology or meaning.
Бор bor as an adjective means either 'grey, brown, dun', or 'stubborn'. It is used in some bird names as a noun, including names for the nightjars, reed warblers, Reed Parrotbill, and leiothrix. The common thread is unclear, and the meaning likely differs according to the bird, with nightjars possibly being regarded as 'stubborn', and others as being 'small brownish birds'.
The list gives ᠵᠧᠨᠳᠠ Женда jenda, which appears to be an error for ᠵᠧᠨᠳᠠᠨ Жендан jendan. From Chinese 震旦 zhèndàn 'Sinian (period)'.
Curruca curruca althaea is:
Уулын зэржигэнэ
uuliŋ zerjigen
'mountain sylvia'
The name Сүүллэг süülleg means 'large-tailed', related to the word for 'tail' сүүл süül. The name is clearly based on the Chinese name. However, the spelling of the bird name is differentiated from that for 'large-tailed' through doubling of the 'l'.
Харсуун kharsuuŋ or харсун kharsuŋ is found in the names of birds at the Accipitridae, Strigidae, and Sylviidae. The dictionary meaning is 'coarse', 'crude' (e.g. as used of foodstuffs), but in bird naming it appears to have the meaning 'hawk'.
Сонд sond is an old name used for the Yellow-browed Bunting (Schoeniclus chrysophrys).
Curruca curruca althaea is:
休氏白喉林莺
(休氏白喉林鶯)
'Mr Xiu's white-throated forest-warbler' (4)
小白喉林莺
(小白喉林鶯)
'small white-throated forest-warbler' (5)
休氏林莺
(休氏林鶯)
'Mr Xiu's forest-warbler' (15)
Curruca curruca althaea is:
アルタイコノドジロムシクイ
(アルタイ小喉白虫喰)
altai nodo-jiro mushi-kui
'desert white-throated insect-eater'
Curruca curruca althaea is:
Тау сандуғаш
taw sandwğaş
'mountain sylvia'
In its original sense, 雀 què means 'sparrow' in Chinese, but it is also used for the finches and tits. In this case, 雅雀 yā-què as the Chinese equivalent of 'crow tit'. The intended meaning of 雀 què is 'tit'.
中国鸟类种和亚种分类名录大全（修订版） 郑作新 著 科学出版社 北京 2000年
A Complete Checklist of Species and Subspecies of the Chinese Birds (Revised Edition) by Cheng Tso-Hsin, Science Press, Beijing 2000
中国鸟类分类与分布名录 主编：郑光美 科学出版社 北京 2005年
A Checklist on the Classification and Distribution of the Birds of China Chief editor: Zheng Guangmei, Science Press, Beijing 2005
中国鸟类野外手册（中文版） 约翰・马敬能、卡伦・菲利普斯，合作者：荷芬奇，翻译：卢和芬 湖南教育出版社 长沙 2000年
A Field Guide to the Birds of China (Chinese translation) by John MacKinnon, Karen Phillipps, in collaboration with He Fen-qi, translated by Lu Hefen, Hunan Jiaoyu Chubanshe (Hunan Educational Press) Changsha 2000
世界鸟类分类与分布名录 主编：郑光美 科学出版社 北京 2002年
A Checklist on the Classification and Distribution of the Birds of the World Chief editor: Zheng Guangmei, Science Press, Beijing 2002
世界鸟类名称（拉丁文、汉文、英文对照）第二版 郑作新等 科学出版社 北京 2002年
Birds of the World (Latin, Chinese and English Names) 2nd ed. by Cheng Tso-Hsin et al, Science Press, Beijing 2002
汉蒙名词术语分类词典（自然科学部分） Mongolian (Cyrillic): Хятад Монгол нэр томъёоны зүйл хуваасан толь (байгалийн шинжлэх ухааны бүлэг) (Chinese-Mongolian classified terminological dictionary, natural sciences part) by 《汉蒙名词术语分类词典》编纂委员会 Mongolian (Cyrillic): "Хятад Монгол нэр томъёоны зүйл хуваасан толь" найруулах комисс (Chinese-Mongolian classified terminological dictionary editorial committee), Inner Mongolian People's Press, Hohhot 1990
内蒙古动物志 (第四卷 鸟纲 雀形目) Fauna Inner Mongolia (Volume 4 Aves Passerines), 主编：旭日干 (Chief Editor: Xurigan), 内蒙古人大学版社 (Inner Mongolian University Press), Hohhot 2015
中国观鸟年报-中国鸟类名录 1.1 (The CBR Checklist of Birds of China v1.1 at 中国观鸟年报 (China Bird Review), 2010 )
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